Agacnp 2016 Review Diabetes

Front 1

DM2 assoc with metabolic Syndrome. It's Characteristics Are:

Back 1

Waist >40 men >35 women

Triglycerides> 150

FB G >100

HDL > 40 men or < 50 women

Front 2

DM1 and 2 lab diagnostic for dx

Back 2

Random glucose >200

Fasting> 126×2

HgbA1c > 7%

Front 3

DM1 vS 2 Lab

Back 3

Ketones absent in DM2

Front 4

Dietary teaching

Back 4

Carbs 55-60%

Fat 20-30%

fiber 25g per 1000 cal

Protein 10-20%

Front 5

Insulin rule of thumb

Back 5

0.5u /kg/day with 2/3 in AM and 1/3 in eve

Front 6

Insulin split dose rx

Back 6

AM= 2/3 NPH and 1/3 reg

PM= 1/2 NPH and 1/2 reg

Front 7

Sulfonylureas MOA and names

Back 7

Stimulate insulin release from the pancreas Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride

Front 8

Biguanides

Back 8

Decr. glucose production and intestine absorption of glucose

Improves insulin sensitivity Metformin

Front 9

Metformin big side effect

Back 9

Lactic Acidosis

Front 10

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Back 10

Decreases glucose absorption

Acarbose, Miglitol

Front 11

Glitizones MOA & name

Back 11

Decr. gluconeogenesis Avandia, Actos

Front 12

Non-sulfonylurea release stimulator MOA & name

Back 12

Mimics rapid insulin

Starlix & Prandin

Front 13

Somogyi effect

Back 13

Noc hypoglycaemia stimulates hormones to raise sugar. will have elevated AM sugar but low 0300 sugar

Tx: Lower or cancel bedtime insulin

Front 14

Dawn Phenomenon

Back 14

BS rise throughout the Noc Have elevated sugars and 0700 and throughout.

Tx: Add or incr. bedtime dose

Front 15

DKA vs HHNK Glucose

Back 15

DKA <500 but >250

HHNK >600

Front 16

DKA vs HHNK osmolality

Back 16

Elevated in both

Front 17

DKA vs HHNK BUN and Cr

Back 17

Elevated in both

Front 18

DKA vs HHNK anion gap

Back 18

Normal in HHNK

Front 19

DKA vs HHNK pH

Back 19

Metabolic acidosis in DKA

Front 20

DKA vs HHNK electrolytes

Back 20

DKA= hyperkalaemia, low bicarb,

Front 21

Insulin for DKA

Back 21

0.1 u/kg reg Iv bolus and then 0.1 u/kg/ hr

Front 22

DKA fluids

Back 22

NS x| liter then 500/hr then 1/2 NS.

Once glucose is < 250 change to D5 1/2 NS

Front 23

HHNK IVF

Back 23

NS in large quantities, then 1/2 NS then D5 1/2 NS