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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psychic energy
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- Freud's psychosexual theory.
- Biologically based INSTINCTUAL DRIVES that he believed fuels behavior, thoughts, and feelings |
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erogenous zones
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- Freud's psychosexual theory.
- Areas of the body that become EROTICALLY SENSITIVE in successive stages of development. |
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id
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- Freud's psychosexual theory.
- The earliest and most primitive personality structure. - Unconscious and operates with the goal of seeking pleasure. |
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ego
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Freud's theory.
The 2nd personality structure. RATIONAL, logical, problem-solving components of personality. |
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superego
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the 3rd personality structure, consisting of INTERNALIZED MORAL standards
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internalization
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the process of adopting as one's own the attributes, beliefs, and standards of another person.
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Oedipus complex
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boys' conflict in the phallic period cuz of their sexual desire for their mother and their fear of retaliation by their father.
<--> Electra complex |
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Electra complex
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girls' conflict in the phallic period when they develop unacceptable romantic feelings for their father and see their mother as a rival.
<--> Oedipus complex |
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systematic desensitization
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- WATSON's learning theory.
- a therapy based on CLASSICAL CONDITIONING. - positive responses are gradually conditioned to stimuli that initially elicit a highly negative response >_< --> ^_^ - esp. useful in treating fears and phobias cf. Skinner's behavior modification |
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behavior modification
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- SKINNER's learning theory
- a therapy based on OPERANT CONDITIONING. - reinforcement contingencies are changed to encourage more adaptive behavior. >_< --> ^_^ cf. Watson's systematic desensitization |
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reciprocal determinism
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- BANDURA's social learning theory.
- child-environment influences operate BIDIRECTIONALLY |
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perceived self-efficacy
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- BANDURA's social learning theory.
- an indv's beliefs about HOW EFFECTIVELY she can CONTROL her own behavior, thoughts, and emotions in order to achieve a desired goal. |
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vicarious reinforcement
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observing someone else receive a reward or punishment
- BANDURA's bobo doll |
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self-socialization
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- theories of social cognition
- the idea that children play a very ACTIVE ROLE in their own socialization thru: their activity preferences, friendship choices.. |
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role taking
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- theories of social cognition
- being aware of the PERSPECTIVE of another person --> better understand that person's behavior, thoughts, and feelings |
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hostile attributional bias
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- DODGE's theory
- tendency to assume that other people's ambiguous actions stem from a hostile intent >:-( |
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mastery orientation
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- DWECK's theory of self-attributions and achievement motivation
- a general tendency to ATTRIBUTE access and failure to the amount of EFFORT expended and to persist in the face of failure :-) mastery orientation <--> helpless orientation |
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helpless orientation
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- DWECK's theory of self-attributions and achievement motivation
- a general tendency to ATTRIBUTE success or failure to the enduring aspects of the SELF and to give up in the face of failure >_< mastery orientation <--> helpless orientation |
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entity theory
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- DWECK's theory of self-attributions and achievement motivation
- a theory that a person's level of INTELLIGENCE IS FIXED and unchangeable >_< entity theory <--> incremental theory |
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incremental theory
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- DWECK's theory of self-attributions and achievement motivation
- INTELLIGENCE IS NOT FIXED and can grow as a function of experience :-) entity theory <--> incremental theory |
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ethology
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the study of the evolutionary bases of behavior
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imprinting
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- LORENZ's ethological theory
- a form of learning in which the young of some species of newborn birds and mammals become attached to and follow members of the species |
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parental-investment theory
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EVOLUTIONARY basis of many aspects of PARENTAL behavior, including the extensive investment in their offspring
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microsystem
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- Bronfenbrenner's BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL.
- the IMMEDIATE environment that an individual personally experiences. - family, school, peers, neighborhood, church, clubs.. MICROSYSTEM - mesosystem - exocystem - macrosystem - chronosystem |
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mesosystem
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- Bronfenbrenner's BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL.
- INTERCONNECTIONS among immediate, or microsystem, settings - supportive relations benefit the child microsystem - MESOSYSTEM - exocystem - macrosystem - chronosystem |
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exosystem
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- Bronfenbrenner's BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL.
- envir. settings that a person does not directly experience but can affect the person INDIRECTLY. - parents' workplace, mass media, extended family, legal/health services.. microsystem - mesosystem - EXOSYSTEM - macrosystem - chronosystem |
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macrosystem
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- Bronfenbrenner's BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL.
- larger CULTURAL and SOCIAL context within which the other systems are embedded. - broad ideology, laws, and customs of one's culture, subculture, or social class microsystem - mesosystem - exocystem - MACROSYSTEM - chronosystem |
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chronosystem
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- Bronfenbrenner's BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL.
- HISTORICAL changes that influence the other systems microsystem - mesosystem - exocystem - macrosystem - CHRONOSYSTEM |
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child maltreatment
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intentional abuse or neglect that endangers the well-being of anyone under 18
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ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder)
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a syndrome that involves difficulty in sustaining attention
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