Derma

Front 1

1.macule

Back 1

flat circumscrined area of the altered skin colour.could be exogenous (e.g tatoo,medication) or endogenous(e.g hemosiderosis,melanin,carotene,viltigo).

Front 2

2.Patch

Back 2

flat circumscribed area of discoloration greater than 1cm which is neither elevated nor depressed.

Front 3

3.Infiltrative

Back 3

Papule:small circumscribed elevation of skin,infiltrates the stratum papilare(<0.5-1cm)e.g molluscum contagiosum,psoriasis.

Plaque:well circumscribed,elevated,flat topped lesion(>1cm)e.g psoriasis, eczema

Nodule:palpable,solid,circumscribed elevation,gr8er part lies beneath the skin surface,infiltrated in cutis or subcutis e.g erythema nodosum,sarcoidosis.

Tumor:solid firm lesion,all d layers of skin are involved,can be elevated or depressed e.g bcc,hemangioma.

Wheal(urtica,hive):transient circumscribed,elevated lesion due to oedema e.g urticaria.

Front 4

4.exuadative

Back 4

Vesicula:circumscribed fluid containin elevation(<0.5cm)e.g varicella,herpes simplex,herpes zoster,allergic contact dermatitis.

Bulla:similar to vesicle,larger(>5mm),subepidermal,intraerpidermal or subcorneal e.g epidermolysis bullosa,pemphigus vulgaris,bullosus pemphigus,impetigo bullosa.

Postule:circumscribed superficial pus containin elevation(<1cm) e.g impetigo,acne vulgaris,pustular psoriasis.

Front 5

1.Scale(squama)

Back 5

thick and loose,readily detached fragments of stratum corneum e.g psoriasis,seborrhoic diseaae, after inflammation.

Front 6

2.erosion

Back 6

loss of superficial layers of upper erpidermis e.g residual lesion after vesico bullosus disease,maceration,friction,mild sunburn,2nd degree burn.

Front 7

3.excoriation

Back 7

superficial skin abrasion,due to scratching of d skin. e.g dry skin,atopic dermatitis,pediculosis,scabies.

Front 8

4.fissure,rhagas

Back 8

sharply defined,linear break or cut im d erpiderkis and dermis e.g interdigital mycosis,hyperkeratosis palmo plantaris.

Front 9

5.crust

Back 9

dry exudate on d surf of d lesion. e.g dark brown(serum) or yellowish,greenish, honey colour(pus)

Front 10

6.ulcer

Back 10

excavation due to loss of tissue involving the erpidermis,part of d dermis,subctis e.g ulcus cruris,syphilitic ulcer

Front 11

7.scar(cicatrix)

Back 11

result of healing of an ulcer,accompanied by hypopigmentation,loss of appendageal structures,sometimes hyoertrophic(kelloid) e.g after surgery,healed ulcer.

Front 12

8.atrophy

Back 12

loss of tissue(erpidermis,dermis or both) which result in thinning of d skin e.g chronic inflammation,chronic topical steroid use,aging skin, PSS

Front 13

9.Lichenificatio

Back 13

results from chronic rubbing,diffuse thickening of the erpidermis. e.g chronic inflammation wiv itching,acanthosis nigricans.