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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the 12 factors that cause periodontal disease? |
Age, Species, Breed, Genetics, Diet, Chewing Behavior, Orthodontic Occlusion, Patient Health Status, Home Care, Frequency of Professional Care, Bacterial Flora of Oral Cavity |
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Inflammation & infection of the tissues surrounding the tooth, collectively called the periodontium is known as what? |
Periodontal Disease |
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What component attaches to the teeth & helps bacteria attach to the surface? |
Glycoprotein - acquired pellicle |
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How long does it take for acquired pellicle to attach to the tooth's surface? |
20 minutes |
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How long does it take after acquired pellicle attachment for plaque to form? |
6 to 8 hours |
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What is another name for the bacteria that colonizes a tooth's surface? |
Plaque |
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What is the calcified form of the bacteria that colonizes on a tooth's surface called? |
Calculus - Tartar |
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Healthy gingival flora is made up mostly by what type of bacteria? |
gram-positive aerobic |
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What is Biofilm |
An aggregate of bacterial colonies protected by a polysaccharide? |
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The worst plaque is when it is where? |
In the gingiva |
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Endotoxins or bacteria that are toxic enzymes for gingival tissues are often referred to as what? |
lipopolysaccharides LPS |
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The space between the tooth and gingiva that results from inflammation caused by bacteria is known as what? |
A pocket |
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Less than 1mm of the furcation is exposed: |
Class 1 |
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Exposure of more than 1mm of the furcation, but not fully through: |
Class 2 |
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Complete furcation exposure: |
Class 3 |
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Why is chlorhexidine so useful for dental work? |
Because it is both a bactericidal & a virucidal |
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Why can't you use chlorhexidine & floride together? |
They will bind to each other and not to the tooth negating their properties |
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What is Chlorhexidine sometimes combined with and why? |
Zinc, they are great for healing and encourage re-adhesion. |
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What is the clinical name for the most common first sign of dental issues? |
Halitosis (bad breath) |
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Is "doggy breath" normal? |
No |
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What are 5 signs a client commonly sees that may indicate periodontitis? |
Halitosis, Not eating well or eating on one side of their mouth, Drooling excessively, Blood in saliva, Pawing at mouth |
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What is the first priority (Gold Standard) with dental care? |
To save the tooth |
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What can get in the way of saving the tooth? |
Home care commitment, Financial means |
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Why is it important to get the entire root out during an extraction? |
It can abscess and lead to osteomyelitis |
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What is the best approach for extraction? |
Periodontal ligament stretch |
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How do you know if you've gotten all of the root during an extraction? |
Touch the apical delta. Smooth - got all of it, Rough - piece of root remains in the socket |
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True or False Gingivitis is not associated with the destruction of the supporting tissue (periodontium). |
True |
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True or False Periodontitis is reversible. |
False |
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Primary cause of gingivitis & is the accumulation of what? What is the secondary factor? |
Plaque on the tooth's surface, Calculus |
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Where is gingivitis most commonly seen? |
Buccal or labial side |
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How do we exam the peridontium? |
Under general anesthesia, using periodontal probe, & intraoral radiographs |
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True or False: The stage is based on the overall health of the mouth. |
False, it's based on the worst tooth in the mouth |
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Vital tissue, bright pink or pigmented color with even, smooth-flowing gingiva from tooth to tooth (Topography). Periodontal probing does not cause bleeding. Normal gingival sulcus depth. |
Stage 1 |
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What is normal gingival sulcus depth for Canines? |
1 - 3 mm |
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What is normal gingival sulcus depth for Felines? |
0.5 - 1 mm |
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Untreated gingivitis may develop into periodontitis. Redness of gingiva, mild amount of plaque. Radiographic change; mild to no change. Reversible** Changes seen from healthy gingiva. Early Gingivitis |
Stage 1 |
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Increased inflammation of the gingiva plaque/calculus. No root exposure yet. Still reversible.** Slightly painful, mild gingival bleeding. Irregular topography, bubble effect of the gingiva. Radiographic change. Early Periodontitis |
Stage 2 |
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Moderate loss of bone attachment. Moderate pocket formation. Furcation exposure. Gingival recession/abnormal topography, gingiva bleeds easily. Radiographs indicate bone loss at alveolar crest. Tooth mobility in some cases.* Moderate Periodontitis |
Stage 3 |
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Visually see breaking down of periodontal tissues. Severe inflammation/painful. Gingiva bleeds readily. Deep/abnormal pocket formation. Root exposure. Bone loss + purulent discharge. Periapical bone loss on radiographs. Advanced - Severe Periodontitis |
Stage 4 (occasionally 5) |
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How is Furcation exposure classed? |
By depth |
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True for False: Professional periodontal therapy MUST be performed under general anesthesia. |
True |
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True or False: It's not your job to educate the owner on the disease process. |
False |
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True or False: Regular oral check-ups should be with the vet tech. |
False, they should be with the veterinarian. |
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True or False: Vet Techs can perform all extractions in WA state. |
True |
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True or False: Vet Techs can perform surgery if it pertains to the teeth. |
False, they can only perform surgery that pertains to extractions. |
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True or False the AVDC statement says that only DVMs should perform extractions. |
True. |
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True or False: LVT may not do any procedures that alter the arcade of the mouth. |
True |
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What is the "arcade" of the mouth? |
The shape, structure, or location of the teeth in the 'dental arch' |
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True or False: Only the DVM can do subgingival root scaling and debridement. |
False |
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What things in WA can the LTV do as far as dentistry is concerned? |
Extractions, surgeries involved in the extractions, dental prophy, supragingival & subgingival scaling & polishing, taking impressions, making mouth models, taking & developing radiographs, charting, subgingival root scaling and debridement. |
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These are used to grasp/remove the tooth from the socket. |
Extraction Forceps |
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These are used to engage or loosen the teeth from the socket. |
Elevators |
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These are used to remove any broken pieces of root left in the socket. |
Root tip pick |
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This is used to cut or section teeth. |
Crosscut bur |
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This is made up of saline or diluted chlorhexidine. |
Irrigation solution |
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Bone implant material. Synthetic material, fills the socket once tooth is extracted. |
Consil |
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Elevator great for extracting feline premolars & primary teeth in dogs... most common size. |
301s |
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True or False Root Tip Picks have dull, rounded tips. |
False |