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when a manufacturing firm has several departments that incur overhead costs relating to different activity levels, departmental overhead application rates are preferable.

Departmentalization

In large businesses, factory operations are divided into departments. This is called?



This provides greater accuracy in job costing and product costing.



requires the use of different overhead rates for applying manufacturing overhead.

Producing Department

are those departments that are directly engaged in the manufacturing activities.



ex: assembly, finishing, packaging departments

Service Department

are those departments that assist indirectly by rendering services to producing departments.



ex: purchasing, medical, maintenance departments

Producing Departments


Service Departments

Departments are classified into two categories:

Direct departmental overhead costs

are those that can be easily traced to specific departments.



ex: • repairs and maintenance - traced to maintenance department


• indirect labor - traced to payroll summaries of a department


• indirect materials -traced through stores requisitions of a department


• depreciation of equipment - traced to department using the equipment

Direct Method

under this method, the costs of each service department are allocated only to producing departments

Step Method

This method allocates service department costs to all service departments as well as producing departments.

Reciprocal Method

provides a way to adjust for the reciprocal services provided among the service departments.



using this method, service department costs and service department reciprocal service relationships are described by an algebraic equation.