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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Operating System/OS |
A set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware |
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Firmware |
Consists of ROM chips or flash memory chips that store permanent instructions |
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Platform |
Operating System that a computer uses sometimes; its specifications will identify the required platform(s), or the operating system(s), on which it will run. |
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Cross-Platform Application |
An application that runs the same on multiple operating systems
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Kernel |
The core of the operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the internal clock, runs programs, and assigns the resources, such as devices, programs, apps, data, and information. |
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Memory Resident |
When a kernel remains in memory while the computer or mobile device is running |
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Nonresident |
Nonresident instructions remain on a storage medium until they are needed, at which time they transfer into memory (RAM) |
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Boot Drive |
Drive from which your personal computer starts, which typically is an internal hard drive, such as a hard disk or SSD |
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Boot Disk |
Removable media |
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Live CD |
Media can be used to start the computer |
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Sleep Mode |
Saves any open documents and running programs or apps to memory, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state. |
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Hibernate Mode |
Saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device |
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User Interface/UI |
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen |
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Graphical User Interface/GUI |
You interact with menus and visual images by touching, pointing, tapping, or clicking buttons, and other objects to issue commands.
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Command-Line Interface |
A user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions. |
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Natural User Interface |
Users interact with the software through ordinary, intuitive behavior |
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Command Language |
The set of commands used to control actions when working with a command-line interface |
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Single Tasking Operating System |
Allows only one program or app to run at a time |
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Multitasking |
Allows two or more programs or apps to reside in memory at the same time |
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Foreground |
The active program that an individual is currently using |
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Background |
Other programs that are running but currently not being used |
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Multiuser |
Operating system enables two or more users to run programs simultaneously |
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Virtual Machine |
Enables a computer to run another operating system in addition to the one installed. |
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Swap File |
It swaps exchanges data, information, and instructions between memory and storage |
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Page |
Amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time |
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Paging |
Technique of swapping items between memory and storage; time-consuming process for the computer |
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Thrashing |
When an operating system spends much of its time paging, instead of executing application software |
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Buffer |
Segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device or an output device |
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Spooling |
Sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer |
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Print Spooler |
A program intercepts documents to be printed from the operating system and places them in the queue |
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Queue |
Multiple documents lined up in the buffer. |
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Driver/Device Driver |
Small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device |
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Performance Monitor |
Program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices |
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File Manager |
Performs functions related to displaying files; organizing files in folders; and copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files |
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Search |
Attempts to locate a file on your computer or mobile device based on specified criteria |
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Image Viewer |
Displays, copies, and prints the contents of a graphics files |
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Uninstaller |
Removes a program or app, as well as any associated entries in the system files |
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Disk Cleanup |
Searches for and removes unnecessary files |
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Disk Defragmenter |
Recognizes the files and unused space on a computer's hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs and apps run faster |
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Screen Saver |
Causes a display's screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time |
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File Compression |
Shrinks the size of a file(s)
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PC Maintenance |
Identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability or improving a computer's performance |
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Backup and Restore |
Copies selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another location |
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Automatic Update |
Feature that regularly provides new features or corrections to the program |
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Service Pack |
Offers of free downloadable updates to users who have registered and/or activated their software |
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Network Administrator |
The person overseeing network operations, uses the server operating system to add and remove users, computers, and other devices to and from the network |
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Types of built in security tools |
-Firewall -Automatic -Antivirus Sotware -Spyware and Malware Detection Software |
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Administrator Account |
Accounts possessed by network administrators, as well as owners of computers, that enables them to access all files and programs, install programs, and specify settings that affect all users on a computer, mobile device, or network. |
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Permissions |
Definitions of who can access certain resources and when they can access those resources |
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Sign in |
Allows a user access into the account/resources |
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Password |
Private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer, mobile device, or network resources |
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User Name |
A unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user |
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Device-Dependent |
Program is one that runs only on a specific type of make of computer or mobile device |
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Proprietary Software |
Privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer or device model |
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Device-Independent |
Operating systems that run on computers and mobile devices provided by a variety of manufacturers |
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Upward Compatible |
An application that can run newer versions of the operating system |
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Three basic types of operating systems on computers and mobile devices |
-Desktop -Server -Mobile |
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Desktop Operating System/Stand-Alone Operating System/Client Operating Systems |
Complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets; also work in conjunction with a server operation system; can operate with or without a network |
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Windows Features |
-Start screen with tiles -Include the desktop interface -Support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard, -Email app, calendar app, and browser -Photos, files, and settings can sync with cloud server -Enhanced security with antivirus program, firewall, and automatic updates - |
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Macintosh |
Has earned a reputation for its easy use; features include -Mail, calendar, contacts, and syncs with the cloud server -Communication and play games with mobile devices -Built-in Facebook and Twitter -Browser -Open multiple desktops -Dictated words convert to text -Support for Braille displays |
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Launchpad |
Use to view, organize, and run apps on Mac OS |
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UNIX |
Multitasking operation system developed in the early 1970's by scientists at Bell Laboratories; has a command-line interface. |
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The Open Group |
The industry standards organization who owns UNIX as a trademark |
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Partition |
Section of storage or memory reserved for a specific program or application |
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Linux |
Popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system that runs on a variety of personal computers, servers, and devices |
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Open Source Software |
Coding is provided for use, modification, and redistribution |
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Chrome OS |
Introduced by Google, is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps |
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Chromebook |
A specialized laptop that runs Chrome |
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Chromebox |
A specialized desktop that runs Chrome |
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Server Operating System |
Multi-user operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network |
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Virtualization |
The practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers or storage devices. |
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Windows Server |
Developed by Microsoft, Windows Server enables organizations to manage applications and websites on-site and/or on the cloud |
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OS X Server |
Developed by Apple, OS X Server enables organizations to collaborate, share files, host websites and mail servers, and more on Mac computers and iOS devices |
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Mobile Operating System |
Operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics; resides on firmware |
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Mobile Operating System |
Typically has one program running at a time, although others may be running in the background |
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Android |
Open source, Linux-based operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets |
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Google Play |
App store provides access to apps, songs, books, and movies |
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Google Drive |
Provides access to email, contacts, calendar, photos, files, and more |
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iOS |
Developed by Apple, a proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for Apple's mobile devices |
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Siri |
A voice recongition app; enables you to speak instructions or questions to which it takes actions or responds with speech output
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Passbook |
App provides a centralized location for coupons, boarding passes, loyalty cards, and mobile payment accounts in a single, easily accessible location |
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Windows Phone |
Developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on some smartphones |
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Windows Phone Store |
Provides access to additional apps and software updates |
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Wallet App |
App that provides a centralized location for coupons, credit cards, loyalty cards, and memberships in a single, easily accessible location |