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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Protective Devices and purposes
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All restraint have to have a physician's order
1. protect resident 2. protect others 3. during treatment |
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Physical Restraints
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1. Quick, handy, manual methods - physical or mechanical devices
2. Are attached to or next to the resident's body 3. Cannot be easily removed by the resident 4. restrict freedom of movement or access to one's body 5. Consent from resident/family (informed consent) 6. lesser restrictive devices |
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Chemical Restraints (psychoactive drug)
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1. restraints are for protecting residents not staff convenience
2. Require doctors orders 3. The Least restricted methods should be used 4. Used only when other methods have failed 5. require the consent of the resident or the resident or the resident's legal guardian (informed consent) 6. basic needs must be met by the nursing team 7. resident may be more confused after use |
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Safety Measures For Using Restraints
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1. Observe the resident q. 30 m in
2. Breathing restrictions 3. Fractures 4. Bruising 5. Check for constriction: impairs circulation 6. release q. 2 hrs |
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General Principles
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Before you begin working with the resident you must do the following: knock, pause, name (yours, theirs), pull curtains, wash hands, and explain
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ASEPSIS
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Without infection
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Communicable Disease
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a disease caused by pathogens that are easily spread
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Infection Precautions
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practice that limits the spread of pathogens
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Medical Asepsis
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the techniques and practices used to prevent the spread of pathogens from one person to another
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Microorganism
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a small living plant or animal that cannot be seen without the aid of a microscope
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Pathogens
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a disease producing microogranisms
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sterile
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the absence of all microorganisms
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Isolation
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to a separate, by using gown, gloves, masks, different room, thus preventing contamination
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Nosocomial infection
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infection acquired by residents after they have been admitted to a long term care facility
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Chain of Infection
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Process that occurs to cause infection
1. source 2. reservoir 3. portal of exit 4. method of transmission 5. portal of entry 6. susceptible host |
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Methods by Which Microorganisms Can Be Spread
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1. food
2 water 3. eating and drinking utensils 4. personal hygiene 5. animals 6. dressings 7. insects 8. contact 9. airborne 10 droplet |
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Hand Washing
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The most important prevention measure
1. before and after contact with residents 2. before handling food trays 3. after handling the resident's equipment 4. before and after eating 5. after using the restroom 6. after smoking |
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Sterile, Clean, and Dirty Concept
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1. Sterile - no microorganisms
2. Clean - no pathogens 3. Dirty - all microorganisms |
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Signs and Symptoms of Infection
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redness
swelling heat drainage discoloration smell fever fatigue/weakness diarrhea vomiting pain puss loss of appetite |
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Standard Precautions
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Developed in 1999, used by the CDC in 1987. Developed to prevent the spread of AIDS, Hepatitis, and all other infection. Standard Precautions are used for ALL residents. Blood-borne pathogens are present in the blood and all bodily fluids
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Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
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intended to protect workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens, developed by OSHA (occupational and Health Administration)
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List the Different Body Fluids
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sweat
blood saliva/mucus urine feces vaginal discharge puss/drainage tears sperm breast milk emesis menstruation |
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Protective Measures (Personal Protective Equipment)
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1. wearing gloves and removal of gloves
2. Donning and removal of a gown 3. Donning and removal of a mask |
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Handling of infectious waste
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1. nursing
2. housekeeping 3. laundry |
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Admission
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Official entry of a person into a facility or nursing unit
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Discharge
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Official departure of a resident from a facility
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Transfer
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Moving a resident from one room, nursing unit, or to another facility/home, etc.
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Admission
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1. introduction of self
2. orientation to the room and roommate 3. organized the belonging and labeling 4. fill out the clothing list |
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Clothing and Valuables
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1. label
2. storing of valuables 3. documentation 4. description of the valuables |
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DIscharge
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1. help dress and pack resident
2. transport with wheel chair 3. check off the clothing list 4. valuables |
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incontinent
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involuntary release of body functions
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Incontinent Pad
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a pad tp prevent soiling of the bed
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General Rules (in making a bed)
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1. use good body mechanics
2. Follow medical asepsis 3. wash hands 4. bring linen, in order of use 5. never shake linen 6. hold linens away from your uniform 7. Extra linen in the residents room is considered contaminated 8. Never put dirty linen on the floor or on top of clean linen 9. Bottom linens should be pulled tight, this prevents skin tears 10. Change their linen of incontinent residents promptly 11. Make one side of the bed first, and then go to the other side, this saves time |
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Comfort
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1. temperature and ventilation
2. odors 3. noise 4. Lighting |
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General Rules (of Resident Unit)
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1. over bed table within reach
2. personal belongings with in easy reach 3. signal light within reach 4. provide tissue paper, toilet paper 5. meet the needs of residents who cannot use the call system 6. adjusting lighting, temperature, and ventilation for comfort 7. explain the cause of strange noises 8. call housekeeping to deodorize the room if necessary |