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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is kinesiology
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the study of movement
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what is biomechanics
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Biomechanics-mechanical principals directly related to the body
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What are kinetics
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Forces causing movement
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What are kinematics
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the time, space and mass aspects of a moving system.
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anatomical position
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standing upright, facing forward, palms out
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fundamental position
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palms facing body
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medial
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location or position toward the midline
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lateral
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location or positon farther from midline
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anterior
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Anterior - front of the body or position to the front
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lateral
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back of the body or to a position more toward the back.
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ventral
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Vental - anterior or to the front
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dorsal
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posterior or to the back
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distal
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used to describe extremities. away from trunk
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proximal
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used to describe extremities. towards the trunk
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superior
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above or upper surface
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inferior
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below or below a surface
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cranial
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cephalad or close to head
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caudal
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structure closer to the feet
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superficial
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close to
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supine
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personing straight with face or anterior surface upward
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prone
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person horizontal with face or anterior surface pointed down.
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bilteral
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two or both sides
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contralateral
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refers to opposite side
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ipsilateral
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refers to same side.
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upper extremities
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arm, forearm, hand
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lower extremity
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leg, thigh, foot
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trunk
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thorax and abdomen
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arm
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humerus between shoulder and the elbow joint.
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forearm
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radius and ulna between elbow and wrist.
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thigh
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femur between hip and knee joint.
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leg
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fibula and tibia between the knee and ankle
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thorax
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chest- ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae
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abdomen
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lower trunk- pelvis, stomach and lumbar vertebrae.
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neck
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cervical vertebrae
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linear motion
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translatory motion. straight line from one location to another. same direction same time.
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rectilinear motion
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straight line. sled going down a hill.
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curvilinear motion
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movement in a curved path. skier, ball thrown by pitcher.
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angular motion
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rotary or movement around fixed point.
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most movement in the body is angular or linear
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angular
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most movemenet outside the body is angular or linear
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linear
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synovial joints
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freely movable joints where most joint motion occurs
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osteokinematics
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deals with the relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis. ex. humerous moving on scapula
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arthrokinematics
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deals with the relationship of joint surface movement. ex. humeral head;s movement within glenoid fossa of scapula
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flexion
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the bending movement of one bone on another.
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extension
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the straightening movement of one bone away from another causing increase of joint ankle.
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hypertension
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continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position.
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palmar flexion
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flexion at the wrist
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plantar flexion
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flexion at the ankle
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dorsiflexion
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extension at the wrist and ankle joints
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abduction
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movement away from the midline of the body
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adduction
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movement toward the body.
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rotation
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movement of a bone or part around its longitudinal axis
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medial rotation
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anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline. also referred to a as internal rotation. arm out at shoulder arm rotating down
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lateral rotaion
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away from the midline. also known as an exteranl rotation. arm out at shoulder arm rotation up.
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forearm rotation
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Types of rotation -forearm supination and pronation
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forearm pronation
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palm facing backwards or posteriorly
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forearm supination
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palm facing forward or anteriorly
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inversion
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movement of sole of foot inward at the ankle.
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eversion
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Eversion - sole of the foot outward at the ankle.
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protraction
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Protraction - mostly a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the midline
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retraction
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mostly a linear movement in the same plane but toward the midline..
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