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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Lipids & Lipoproteins are organic substances ________ in water.
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Insoluble
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Lipids & Lipoproteins are organic substances __________ in organic solvents.
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Soluble
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The four human plasma lipids are:
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Cholesterol
Triglycerides Phospholipids Non-Esterified fatty acids |
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Lipids combine with protein in the liver to form ______.
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Lipoprotein.
Transport |
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Low density lipoproteins are _____%.
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60-70%
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High density lipoproteins are _____%.
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20-35%
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Very Low lipoproteins are _____%.
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5-12%
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A protein portion of the lipoproteins:
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Apolipoprotein
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Apolipoprotein A is the major protein of _______.
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HDL
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Apolipoprotein B is the major protein of _______.
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LDL
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Apolipoprotein C is the major protein of _______.
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VLDL and chylomicrons
minor protein of HDL & LDL |
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LDL brings cholesterol ____ the cells.
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INTO
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HDL brings cholesterol ___ of the cells.
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OUT
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The primary form of lipid storage?
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Triglycerides
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Chylomicrons and VLDL transport ________.
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Triglycerides
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Chylomicrons are considered to be __________
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exogenous dietary triglycerides
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VLDL are considered to be __________
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endogenous triglycerides
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Precursor to steroid hormones?
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Cholesterol
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LDL transports _______ to cells.
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Cholesterol
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HDL transport cholesterol ____ of cells.
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OUT
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Tryglicerides are transported in the form of
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lipoproteins
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The four classes of lipoproteins are:
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chylomicrons
LDL HDL VLDL |
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The lipid triglyceride is transported by ______ and ____.
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Chylomicrons and VLDL
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The lipid cholesterol is transported by ____ and ____.
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HDL and LDL.
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The lipoprotein chylomicrons are transported by lipids of ______ __________.
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exogenous (dietary) triglycerides
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The lipoprotein VLDL are transported by lipids of ______ ______.
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endogenous triglycerides
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The lipoprotein HDL are transported by lipids of _________ out of cell (heart).
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cholesterol
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The lipoprotein LDL are transported by lipids of _________ into cell (heart).
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cholesterol
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A _____ hour fast is required for lipid testing.
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12 hour fast
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Non-fasting may cause a turbid layer of ______ on top following refrigeration.
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chylomicrons
(abnormal finding in fasting specimens) |
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Non fasting may cause an ____ of triglycerides.
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Increase
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Cholesterol is enzymatically measured by ______ _____.
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Cholesterol oxidase
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Triglycerides is enzymatically measured by liberating _____ by ______
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liberation of glycerol by lipase
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False elevation of triglycerides can be due to ____ contamination.
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Glycerol contamination from stoppers of tubes or ingestion of glyerol-coated medication
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The measurement of HDLc without pretreatment is considered a _____ assay.
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Direct/Homogenous Assay
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The measurement of HDLc with an indirect method removes the chlomicrons, VLDL, and LDL by __________.
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preciptation
Analyze supernatant for HDLc |
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The reference method is ___________.
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Ultracentrifugation
Separates lipoproteins by their rates of flotation |
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The calculation of LDLc and VLDLc is the ________ method
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Friedewald method
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The Friedewald method cannot be used when ____________.
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Triglycerides >400mg/dL
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(Total chol)-(HDLc)-(TG/5)=
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LDLc
Total cholesterol-HDLc-VLDL=LDLc |
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(plasma TG in mg/dL)/5=
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VLDLc
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The total cholesterol goal from a lipid screening should be _______.
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<200mg/dL
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The HDLc goal from a lipid screening should be ______.
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>35mg/dL
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The triglyceride goal from a lipid screening should be _______.
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<150mg/dL
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If levels of lipid screening are outside goals, follow-up testing should include ________ and _________.
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A 12 hour fasting sample and a lipoprotein analysis
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Treatment is based on the ____ results from lipoprotein analysis and other risk factors.
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LDLc
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Risk factors for heart disease include:
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family history, age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension
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