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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Explain the principle of Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
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- vaporized elemental metals in their "ground state" can absorb photons of light given off by identical atoms returning to their "ground state" from their "excited state"
- Excitation is a problem- to avoid use a cooler flame, dilute all specimens controls, and calibrators |
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Explain the principles of flame photometry
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Vaporized 1A elements in their ground state can gain energy and move into their excited state
- they return to their ground state by releasing energy as a photon of light with a wavelength specific to that element |
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Flame photometry sources of error
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Self absorption
- dilution limits this error |
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Principle of ISE
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-Ion selective electrodes
- activity of electrolyte on one side of an electrode membrane, as compared to a fixed concentration of that electrolyte on the other side causes a electrical potential to be built up across the membrane. |
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Reference electrode
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Calomel- electrode filled with Hg and HgCl2 paste
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pH ISE glass electode
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pH sensitivity due to a special glass that is sensitive to H+ ions
- HCl is the filler inside the electrode |
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Na+ ISE glass electode
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Na+ sensitivity due to glass that is sensitive to Na+
- NaCl is filler in electrode |
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K+ ISE glass electode
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K+ specificity due to valinomycin coating glass that binds to K+ ions
- KCl is filler in electrode |
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NH4+ ISE glass electode
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NH4+ specifiicity due to Monactin and Nonactin coating glass that binds NH4+ ions
- NH4Cl is filler in electrode |
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Li+ ISE glass electode
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Li+ specificity due to proprietary ionophore that is embeddded within the glass membrane giving specificity by binding Li+ ions
- LiCl is filler in electrode |
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How to tell if your getting an ISE error
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you get Slow, irratic, irreproducible, unstable response
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Total CO2 measurer
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Severinghaus- for total CO2
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■ admonish
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v.
warn reprove. "When her courtiers questioned her religious beliefs, Mary Stuart admonished them, declaring that she would worship as she pleased." |