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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the structure of fatty acids: |
linear chains ofcarbon-hydrogen bonds terminating in carboxyl group |
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Describe the structure of triglycerides: |
3 fatty acid moleculesattached to 1 molecule of glycerol by ester bonds |
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Describe the structure of phospholipids |
glycerol backbone andphospholipid head |
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Describe the structure of cholesterol |
unsaturated steroid alcoholcontaining 4 rings & single side chain tail |
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Describe the structure of lipopoteins: |
lipids + proteins |
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Chylomicrons |
largest and least dense; producedby intestine; deliver dietary lipids to hepatic and peripheral cells |
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VLDL |
produced by liver; majorcarriers of endogenous triglycerides |
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LDL |
form as a result oflipolysis of VLDL; readily taken up by cells via LDL receptors in liver &peripheral cells |
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HDL |
smallest & most dense;synthesized by liver & intestine; capable of removing excess cholesterolfrom peripheral cells |
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Lipoprotein X |
Abnormal lipoprotein,patients with biliary cirrhosis or cholestasis; LCAT mutations |
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What are the pathways in lipoprotein metabolism? |
lipid absorption, exogenous pathway, endogenous pathway, reverse cholesterol transport pathway |
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Arteriosclerosis |
caused by lipids, in formof esterified cholesterol, being deposited in artery walls, resulting in fattystreaks, which develop into plaques that can block blood flow |
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An elevation of Lp (a) poses an increased risk of: |
CHD and cerebrovascular disease |