Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Formula for Creatinine Clearance
|
Ccr = UV/P x 1.73/A
|
|
Formula for Urea Clearance
|
Uun/BUN x V x 1.73/A
|
|
Formula for Anion Gap
|
[Na] + [K] - [Cl+HCO3]
|
|
Formula to find LDL levels
|
Total Cholesterol - (HDL + triglycerides)/5
|
|
Formula for FTI
|
Total T4- T3 uptake / 100
|
|
Normal Anion Gap
|
8-16 mMOl/L
|
|
partial alveolar CO2 pressure
|
40 mm Hg
|
|
partial alveolar O2 pressure
|
99.92 mm Hg
|
|
Normal H+ concentration in the blood
|
40 nMol/L
|
|
Henderson Has. equation for acid base
|
pH = pKa- log [total Co2 - .03 pCo2]/[.03 p Co2]
pKa = 6.1 |
|
Urine specific gravity
|
1.003- 1.035 g/ml
|
|
Specific gravity vs. Osmality
|
Specific gravity measures density whereas osmality measures parts per unit mass
|
|
Buffers in body
|
1) proteins
2) PO4 (40%) 3) HCO3 (60%) |
|
normal creatinine levels
|
70-157 ml/min/m2
|
|
Normal urea levels
|
64-99 ml/min/m2
|
|
Definition of anion gap
|
difference between the usually unmeasured cations and the unmeasured anions
|
|
Normal A/G ratios
|
1.5-2.5
|
|
Definition of Buffer capacity
|
Amt of base consumed before upper limit of pH is reached
amt of acid consumed before lower limit of pH is reached |
|
normal osmalality
|
less than 10 mOsm
|
|
Tips for case studies
|
1) solve for all variables
2) acidotic or alkolotic 3) respitory or metabolic 4) treatment recommended |
|
formula for osmalality
|
1.86 + glucose + BUN +9
------- --- 18 28 |
|
HCO3 levels
|
Plasm ISF Cell
128 31 8 |
|
Testing BUN
|
1) coupled enzyme test
2) indicator dye |
|
urinary pH
|
4.7 ---7.8
|
|
urine production pathway
|
ornathine---> citrulline ---->
arginine----> oranthine---> urea |
|
function of kidney
|
urine formation
regulation of fluids/ electrol regulation of acid/base excretion of waste hormone function protein conservation |
|
detection of proteins in urine
|
+ tetrabromphenol blue
turns green/blue - tetrabromphenol blue turns yellow |
|
O2 saturation
|
% total hemoglobin present as oxygenated hemoglobin
|
|
osmotic pressure depends on:
|
the total number of solute particles in solution
|
|
definition of ascites
|
leakage of fluids out of vascular space into peritoneal space
|
|
increase in dissolved particles:
|
decreases freezing point
decreases vapor pressure increases osmotic pressure increases boiling point |
|
hypotonic vs hypertonic
|
hypertonic: more H2O inside
cell H2o goes out cells shrink Hyptonic: more H2O outside cells swell |
|
ionic composition for Na+
|
plasma ISF cell
142 145 10 |
|
Normal range of Na+
|
80--180 mg/dL
|
|
ionic composition for K+
|
plasma ISF cell
4 4 156 |
|
redistribution caused by:
|
acidosis
insulin deficiency Beta Blockers digitalis |
|
Excretion of H+
|
1) Rxn filtered buffers
2) filtered bicarb 3) Rx with NH3 4) electrolyte exchange |