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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Public IP Address |
An IP address is considered public if the IP number is valid and falls outside any of the IP address ranges reserved for private uses by Internet standards |
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Private IP Address |
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NAT |
Network Address Translation
NAT allows an enterprise to use private IP addresses for each host, plus a small number of public addresses. |
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PAT |
Port Address Translation
Port address translation (PAT) is a function that allows multiple users within a private network to make use of a minimal number of IP addresses. Its basic function is to share a single IP public address between multiple clients who need to use the Internet publicly. It is an extension of network address translation (NAT). |
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AS Sequence |
AS Seq
This is the order in which the AS chooses its path. |
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PA |
Path Attribute
Define information about a path or route through a network. |
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AS Path |
Autonomous System Path
This has many subcomponents such as AS Seq |
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Public ASN |
Public Autonomous System Number
Assigned by IANA similar to IP addresses. Public ASN are 1 - 64495 |
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Default Route |
A specific route set on the router to reach a destination. |
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Single Homed |
Single ISP with a Single Link |
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Dual Homed |
Two (or more) links to the internet, but with all links connecting to a single ISP |
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Single multihomed |
Single link per ISP |
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Dual multihomed |
Two or more links each to two or more different ISPs |
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ASN |
Autonomous System Number
An ASN is a globally unique number used to identify an Autonomous System.
NOTE: Those numbers are 1 through 65535
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eBGP Multihop |
This is the 5th configuration step for using loopback IP addresses with eBGP peers
NOTE: The default time to live (TTL) is one and a mulltihop requires more there for the packet is dropped unless discarded. |
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Update Source (BGP) |
The BGP update source on one router must match the IP address configured on the other router's neighbor command, and vice versa. |
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BGP Table |
List of paths |
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Requirements for forming eBGP neighbors. |
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BGP Open Message |
This generally performs the same functions as the EIGRP or OSPF hello messages. |
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Idle |
The BGP process is either administratively down or awaiting the next retry attemp |
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Connect
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The BGP process is waiting for the TCP connection to be completed
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Active |
The TCP connection has been completed, but no BGP messages have been sent to the peer yet |
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Opensent |
The TCP connection exists, and a BGP open message has been sent to the peer, but the matching Open message has not yet been received from the other router |
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Openconfirm |
An open message has been both sent to and received from the other router. It is waiting for a BGP keepalive message to determine if a neighbor is matched |
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Established |
All neighbor parameters match, the neighbor relationship works, and the peers can now exchange update messages |
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Open |
Used to establish a neighbor relationship and exchange basic parameters, including ASN and MD5 authentication values |
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Keepalive |
Sent on a periodic basis to maintain neighbor relationship.
NOTE: If it does not receive a resopnce within the hold timer the neighbor is brought to a down state |
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Update |
Used to exchange PAs and the associated prefix/length (NLRI) that use those attributes |
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NLRI |
Network Layer Reachability Information
is the same thing as
prefix and length |
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Notification |
Used to signal a BGP error: Typically results in a reset to the neighbor relationship |
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null0 |
This is a discard route
NOTE: This is not meant to be advertised, it's only purpose is to enable the operation of the network command |
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What Command
List possible default routes |
show ip bgp |
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What Command
List possible routes per prefix |
show ip bgp prefix[subnet-mask] |
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What Command
List routes learned from one neighbor, before any inbound filtering is applied |
show ip bgp neighbors ip-address received routes |
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What Command
List routes learned from a specific neighbor that passed any inbound filters |
show ip bgp neighbors ip-address routes |
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What Command
List routes advertised to a neighbor after applying outbound filtering |
show ip bgp neighbors ip-address advertised-routes |
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What Command
List the number of prefixes per learned neighbor |
show ip bgp summary |