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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heart |
4 chambered muscle responsible for pumping blood throughout the body |
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Atria |
The upper chambers of the heart, thin walled |
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Ventricle |
The lower chambers of the heart, thick muscular walls |
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Myocardium |
The muscular wall of the heart, responsible for pushing blood to the entire body. The inner surface is lined with endocardium and the outer surface is lined with pericardium |
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Atrioventricular Valves |
Valve that lies between the atrium and ventricle on each side |
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Mitral Valve |
Valve that regulates blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle (left atrioventricular valve) |
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Tricuspid Valve |
Valve that regulates the blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle, to prevent back flow into the atrium (right atrioventricular valve) |
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Semilunar Valve |
valves between the ventricle, that prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles (aortic and pulmonary ) |
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Aortic Valve |
Located at the exit of the left ventricle, allows blood to be pumped into the aorta as well as prevents blood to flow back into the heart once it enters the aorta. |
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Pulmonary Valve |
Separates the right ventricle for the pulmonary artery, allows blood collected in the right ventricle to flow to the lungs as well as prevents blood for flowing back to the heart |
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Superior Vena Cava |
Large vein that receives blood from the upper body and delivers it to the right atrium |
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Inferior Vena Cava |
Large vein that receives blood from the lower body and delivers it to the right atrium. |
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Systole |
The contraction of the heart muscle |
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Diastole |
The relaxation of the heart muscle |
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Sympathetic Nervous System |
The part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for stress increase heart rate (flight or fight response) |
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Parasympathetic Nervous System |
Opposes SNS, by returning the body to a normal resting state following stress |
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Sinoatrial Node |
A bundle of specialized nerves and muscles, located where the superior vena cava enter the right atrium. Controls the rate of the heart by sending signals to the 2 atriums |
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Atrioventricular Node |
Located at the lower part of the right atrium, near the tricuspid valves. It receives the signals for SN and sets the heart rate accordingly. |
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Purkinje fibres |
Two large nerve fibres that run through the septum. Responsible for carrying the nerve signals transmitted by the Atrioventricular Nodes |
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Tachycardia |
Fast heart beat exceeding 100 beats per minute. |
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Bradycardia |
Slow heart beat, lower than 60 beats per minute. |
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Electrocardiogram |
Test that measure the electrical activity of the heart. The test will trace how long the electrical wave takes to pass through the heart |
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P Wave |
The first little hump on the electrocardiogram. Represents the contraction from the atria |
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QRS Complex |
Usually the most visual and central part of the diagram. Represents the contraction from the ventricles. |
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T Wave |
The recovery of the heart |
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Systolic Number |
Pressure of the blood vessels when your heart contracts and pushes blood out (highest pressure) |
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Diastolic Number |
Pressure of your blood vessels when the heart is at rest between beats (lowest pressure) |
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Sphygmomanometer |
Measures blood pressure indirectly, finds pressure exerted by blood in the brachial artery |
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Cardiac Output |
The volume of blood pumped from the heart each minute. An increased output will increase blood pressure |
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Arteriolar Resistance |
The diameter of the arterioles is regulated by the ir walls. Constriction reduces blood flow, causing higher blood pressure. Dilatation increases blood flow, causing lower blood pressure. |