Circulatory System Of Fetal Pig

Front 1

arteries

Back 1

carry blood away from the heart; thick round and red

Front 2

capillaries

Back 2

these are thin walled tissues which is the site of water, gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between blood and interstitial fluid

Front 3

veins

Back 3

return blood to the heart; drain capillaries; thin flat and blue

Front 4

lymphatic vessels

Back 4

returns surplus interstitial fluid and small protein that escape capillaries to larger veins

Front 5

lymph nodes

Back 5

site of lymphocyte production and storage

Front 6

closed circulatory system

Back 6

this allows for higher blood pressue, more rapid distribution of materials, and control over the amount of blood going to different regions of the body

Front 7

right atrium

Back 7

receives oxygen depleted blood and carbon dioxide enriched blood from most of the body

Front 8

cranial vena cava

Back 8

drains head neck and arms and returns blood to the right atrium

Front 9

caudal vena cava

Back 9

drains the caudal parts and inner organs of the body and returns blood to the right atrium

Front 10

path of deoxgenated blood to the caudal vena cava

Back 10

hepatic portal vein... hepatic sinusoids (in liver)...hepatic veins...caudal vena cava

Front 11

tricuspid

Back 11

a three flapped valve between the right atrium and right ventricle

Front 12

bicuspid

Back 12

a two flapped valve between the left atrium and left ventricle

Front 13

left atrioventricular valve

Back 13

tricuspid

Front 14

right atrioventricular valve

Back 14

bicuspid

Front 15

right ventricle

Back 15

receives blood from the right atrium; this then pumps blood to the lungs

Front 16

left ventricle

Back 16

receives blood from the left atrium; pumps to the aorta

Front 17

pulmonary trunk

Back 17

leaves the right ventricle which then branches into the pulmonary arteries and gets pumped to the lungs

Front 18

aorta

Back 18

this carries oxygen rich blood to the rest of the body; it is located on the left side of the body and it runs toward the pelvis

Front 19

coronary arteries

Back 19

leaves the base of the aorta and leads to the capillary bed in the heart wall

Front 20

cardiac veins

Back 20

drains the heart wall; it returns oxygen depleted blood to the right atrium through the coronary sinus

Front 21

internal thoracic vessels

Back 21

a pair of veins and arteries that pass on each side of the sternum; they extend from the base of the neck onto the ventral side of the sternum

Front 22

left coronary artery (great cardiac vein)

Back 22

found on the ventral surface of the heart; it separates the left and right ventricles

Front 23

left and right auricles

Back 23

dark colored and ear-shaped they lie on the cranial end of the heart above the right and left atria

Front 24

left phrenic nerve

Back 24

supplies the diaphragm; lies on one side of the vena cava

Front 25

right phrenic nerve

Back 25

supplies the diaphragm lies on the side of the cranial vena cave and extends down along the caudal vena cava

Front 26

ductus arteriosis

Back 26

opening between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta; this opening allows for the blood in fetal pig the bypass the lungs

Front 27

Left Azygos Vein

Back 27

receives much of the drainage from the thoracic wall; it lies lateral to pulmonary arteries

Front 28

arch of the aorta

Back 28

where the aorta arches to the left side of the body

Front 29

descending aorta

Back 29

where the aorta runs caudal to the arch of the aorta

Front 30

external jugular veins

Back 30

2 large veins that lie superficially on he lateroventral surface of the neck

Front 31

Cephalic vein

Back 31

lies just beneath the skin on the side of the arm; typically enters the external jugular near its base; they drain most of the head and neck and part of the should region

Front 32

internal jugular veins

Back 32

lie close to the trachea just lateral to the common carotid arteries; drain part of the inside of the skull

Front 33

where do the external and internal jugular veins meet?

Back 33

they come together to form the subclavian veins coming from the shoulder and the arms

Front 34

brachiocephalic vein

Back 34

a short vein that receives the second subclavian vein

Front 35

brachiocephalic vein and the cranial vena cava

Back 35

the right and left subclavian veins come together on each side to form the brachiocephalic vein which leads to the cranial vena cava

Front 36

"subclavian" vein

Back 36

when it's beneath the clavicle in a human

Front 37

"axillary" vein

Back 37

when it passes through the armpit (axilla)

Front 38

"brachial" vein

Back 38

when the vein enters the arm

Front 39

subscapular vein

Back 39

drains the medial side of the scapula and enters either the subclavian or the axillary

Front 40

internal throracic veins

Back 40

enters the ventral surface of the cranial vena cava shortly caudal to the point where the vena cava is formed

Front 41

costocervical veins

Back 41

can be found closer to the heart, but more deeply because they enter the dorsal surface of the cranial vena cava; they are accompanied by the costocervical arteries

Front 42

brachiocephalic trunk

Back 42

branches off the arch of the aorta and lies laterally to the left subclavian artery

Front 43

left subclavian artery

Back 43

branches off the arch of the aorta and lies laterally to the brachiocephalic trunk

Front 44

costocervical trunk

Back 44

supplies the deep muscles of the neck

Front 45

highest intercostal artery

Back 45

goes to the cranial intercostal spaces

Front 46

vertebral artery*

Back 46

supplies parts of the brain

Front 47

internal thoracic artery

Back 47

most easily seen branches of the subclavian artery

Front 48

thyrocervical trunk

Back 48

supplies the thyroid gland and superficial parts of the neck; beside the internal thoracic artery and vein

Front 49

axillary artery

Back 49

subclavian artery after crossing first rib (until the armpit)

Front 50

brachial artery

Back 50

the artery that enters the arm

Front 51

external and internal carotid arteries

Back 51

supplies the superficial and deeper parts of the head

Front 52

vagus nerve*

Back 52

a white strand that is part of the autonomic nervous system

Front 53

Sympathetic Chord*

Back 53

part of the autonomic nervous system

Front 54

intercostal arteries

Back 54

supplies intercostal muscles between ribs caudal to those supplied by highest intercostal artery

Front 55

Left azygos vein

Back 55

where most of the left and right intercostal veins collect; crosses dorsal side of heart and forms coronary sinus

Front 56

Coronary sinus

Back 56

receives small cardiac veins from the heart; enters the right atrium beside entrance of caudal vena cava

Front 57

renal arteries

Back 57

2 large; supply kidneys

Front 58

renal veins

Back 58

2; drain kidneys; enter caudal vena cava

Front 59

cranial abdominal artery

Back 59

supplies back in kidney region

Front 60

cranial abdominal vein

Back 60

drains back in kidney region

Front 61

testicular/ovarian arteries

Back 61

arise from aorta caudal to renal arteries

Front 62

Sympathetic Chord*

Back 62

part of the autonomic nervous system

Front 63

intercostal arteries

Back 63

supplies intercostal muscles between ribs caudal to those supplied by highest intercostal artery

Front 64

Left azygos vein

Back 64

where most of the left and right intercostal veins collect; crosses dorsal side of heart and forms coronary sinus

Front 65

Coronary sinus

Back 65

receives small cardiac veins from the eart; enters the right atrium beside entrance of caudal vena cava

Front 66

renal arteries

Back 66

2; large; supply kidney

Front 67

renal veins

Back 67

2; drain kidneys; enter caudal vena cava

Front 68

cranial abdominal artery

Back 68

supplies back in kidney region

Front 69

cranial abdominal vein

Back 69

drains back in kidney region

Front 70

testicular/ ovarian arteries

Back 70

arise from aorta caudal to renal arteries

Front 71

testicular/ ovarian veins

Back 71

enter caudal vena cava or L vein may enter L renal vein

Front 72

Caudal mesenteric artery

Back 72

medial; leaves aorta near gonadal arteries and soon branches; cranial branch supplies much of colo

Front 73

Lumbar arteries

Back 73

arise from dorsal surface, go deep into back muscle

Front 74

lumbar veins

Back 74

accompany lumbar arteries and enter caudal vena cava

Front 75

external iliac arteries

Back 75

dorsal to ureter

Front 76

deep circumflex iliac artery

Back 76

lateral branch; supplies some of pelvic muscles

Front 77

deep circumflex iliac vein

Back 77

accompanies artery

Front 78

external iliac vein

Back 78

accompanies artery

Front 79

femoral artery/vein

Back 79

where external iliac vein/artery enters leg

Front 80

umbilical arteries

Back 80

carry blood from fetus to placenta distal parts of bifurcation of aorta that continue into umbilical cord

Front 81

internal iliac artery

Back 81

short proximal part of aortic bifurcation together with small dorsal branch extending into pelvic cavity

Front 82

common iliac vein

Back 82

where internal iliac and external iliac veins unite; joins caudal vena cava

Front 83

median sacral artery

Back 83

terminal branch of aorta; small

Front 84

caudal artery

Back 84

where median sacral artery enters tail

Front 85

median sacral and caudal vein

Back 85

accompany coresponding arteries

Front 86

pulmonary arteries

Back 86

carry deoxygenated blood to lungs; at bifurcation of pulmonary trunk

Front 87

pulmonary veins

Back 87

carry oxygenated blood from lungs to LA; caudal to pulmonary arteries

Front 88

root of the lung

Back 88

where pulmonary blood vessels and bronchi enter and leave lung

Front 89

interatrial septum

Back 89

divides left and right atria

Front 90

foramen ovale*

Back 90

connection between r and L atria in fetal pig; perforate interatrial septum; allow blood to pass between atria and bypass lungs

Front 91

fossa ovalis

Back 91

depression that marks remainder of foramen ovale after permanent closure at birth

Front 92

sinuatrial node*

Back 92

aka pacemaker; specialized bulge of cardiac muscle in atrial wall between foramen ovale and entrance of cranial vena cava

Front 93

tendinous cords

Back 93

anchor margins of atrioventricular valves to ventricular wall; permit flap to close, but prevent from everting into atria

Front 94

pulmonary valve

Back 94

prevents in pulmonary trunk from backing up into RV; 3 semi-lunar shaped packets

Front 95

aortic vlave

Back 95

resembles pulmonary vlave; lies in basse of aorta

Front 96

ductus venosus

Back 96

channel that passes blood through liver bypassing sinusoids; enters caudal vena cava