Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Humans differ from apes because
|
humans use spoken language
|
|
The _____________ fossil, mistakenly thought of as the missing link between humans and apes, had a large cranial capacity but ape-like dentition.
|
Piltdown
|
|
The _____________ hypothesis about hominin bipedalism states that energy-efficient walking on two legs arose so that hominins could search for food that was dispersed as a result of climatic changes at the end of the Miocene
|
patchy forest
|
|
The _____________ hypothesis proposed by Owen Lovejoy states that the advantages of males carrying food and bringing it to females and young could have contributed to the rise of bipedalism
|
provisioning
|
|
Bipedalism’s advantages over quadrupedalism include
|
All of these are correct. |
|
Bipedalism has disadvantages to quadrupedalism, including
|
development of arthritis and back injuries |
|
The oldest pre-australopithecine, or a fossil link between late Miocene apes and australopithecines, found to date is
|
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
|
|
The oldest australopithecine species is
|
Au. anamensis
|
|
The best-known australopithecine, represented by hundreds of fossils and dozens of individuals found mostly at Laetoli and Hadar, is
|
Au. afarensis |
|
Robust australopithecine species include
|
Au. aethiopicus
|
|
Robust australopithecines differ from earlier australopithecines in their
|
All of these are correct.
|
|
The genus Australopithecine includes hominins that lived about
|
4 - 1 mya.
|
|
The Oldowan tool complex is attributed to __________________, making that hominin species the first to use tools.
|
Au. garhi |
|
______________ arose around 3.5 mya and gave rise to at least two branches of hominins - later australopithecines and the genus Homo.
|
Au. afarensis
|
|
Kamoya Kimeu, a Kenyan whose excavation team has found numerous fossil remains, worked primarily with
|
Richard Leakey.
|
|
Your old roommate is in Australia on a one-year study abroad program. She excitedly skypes you and says her Aborigine friend mentioned an australopithecine skull he discovered while on "walkabout" in the desert. The skull has a small brain and wear on the tip of the canines. You respond that
|
there is no evidence that australopithecines ever left Africa.
|
|
While walking through a natural history museum, your little cousin points out the skull of an australopithecine with a large crest on the top and asks you what its purpose was. To simplify a complicated evolutionary trait, you tell your cousin that
|
these hominins had muscles to eat hard foods such as nuts.
|
|
In an argument with your parents, they claim that the only difference between australopithecines and early Homo species is a bigger brain in the latter. You argue that there are other differences, such as
|
in addition to a larger brain, early Homo species have a smaller face and smaller teeth.
|
|
Your mom has started complaining to you about her varicose veins and is thinking about surgery. You try to convince her not to by noting that
|
people might not mind varicose veins as much if they realized they were a direct consequence of bipedality.
|
|
Charles Darwin hypothesized that bipedalism arose so that hominins would have two free hands to create and carry weapons. The fossil evidence that now refutes this hypothesis includes
|
the small brain and large canines of Ardipithecus.
|
|
This picture shows the skeleton of the most famous Au. afarensis individual, nicknamed
|
Lucy
|
|
The difference in anatomy in these bones illustrates that
|
apes can grasp tree branches better than humans.
|
|
These footprints found in the ash at Laetoli show that hominins had which of the following characteristics of bipedalism?
|
All of these are correct.
|
|
Your physical anthropology professor asks you to arrange a bag of foot bones in anatomical position. When you finish, she asks you what you can tell from this right foot. You say that this hominin
|
lived in the trees part of the time.
|
|
Based on these two charts, it is valid to say that
|
paleoanthropologists agree that australopithecines were descended from Ardipithecus.
|