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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the collision theory? What are the requirments |
Molecular collisions-reactants mus collide with one another(ex. Air + steel collide a reaction occurs Activiation energy(Ea)-minimum kinetic energy that reactants must posses(ex. Energy from striking a match to start fire) Molecular orientation-molecules must have proper orientation to react(ex. Lock and key) |
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Endothermic reactions do what? |
Absorb energy, heat is a reactant |
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Exothermic reactions do what? |
Release energy(heat) as a product- starts with more energy and releases energy(ex. Combustion) |
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Activation energy(EA) equals? |
Product - reaction |
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What influences reaction rates? |
Increase- The higher the concentration(M), the higher the reaction rate. As temp. Increases so does rate(double) Lowers (Ea)- the presence of a catalyst |
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What is a catalysts? |
any substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by changing the reaction pathway without being changed itself at the end of the reaction. A catalyst can't change the energy difference between reactants and products. It can reduce activation energy but can't change E. |
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Equilibrium constant(Keq) equals? And excludes? |
Products ÷ Reactants Excludes solids(s) & liquids(l) |
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Le Chateliers principle and how it relates to changes in concentration, pressure, and temperature |
Think old scale- shift towards side with less. Concentration- if you add to one side shift to other side. But if you remove from one side shift to same side Pressure-increase pressure means shift to side with fewest #moles(down volume) decrease pressure means shift to sode with more moles(up volume) TEMPERATURE- (Exo) add heat shift to reactant side. Remove heat shift to product. (Endo) add heat shift to product side. Remove heat shift to reactant side |
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Bronsted-Lowry theory? |
Proton= H+ Acid is proton donor Base is proton acceptor |
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Molarity =? And is used in? |
moles÷liters It is used in titration. Find mol first. Also remember mL ÷ 1000mL equals Liters |
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How to work Titration problem? |
Find missing item.Write out equation. Balance equation. Get mol then then remember to use Molarity=mol÷Liters |
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A buffer consists of? |
A mixture of either a weak acid, and it's conjugate base, or a weak acid and its conjugate acid. Resists a change in pH |
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A conjugate acid is formed by? |
By adding H+ to base |
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A conjugate base is formed by? |
Subtracting H+ from acid |
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What are the strong acids? |
HCl-hydrochloric acid HBr-hydrobromic acid HI-hydroiodic acid HNO3-nitric acid H2SO4-sulfuric acid HClO3-chloric acid HClO4-perchloric acid |
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The Henderson-Hasselbalck equation is? |
pH= pKa + log([conjugate base]/[weak acid]) |
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pKa equals? |
-log(Ka) Ka is usually given |
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Low pKa= ? High pKa= ? |
Low=strong acid High=weak acid |
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Name the structure: |
Toluene |
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Name the structure: |
Phenol |
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Name the structure: |
Urea |
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Name the structure: |
Benzaldehyde |
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Name the structure: |
Benzoic acid |
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Name the structure: |
Aniline |
