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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Solution
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a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
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Solute
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the substance that is being dissolved and is present in the smallest amouunt
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Solvent
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the substance that does the dissolving and is present in the largest amount
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Electrolyte
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a substance that forms ions when dissolved in a solution and is capable of conducting electricity
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Nonelectrolyte
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a substance that does not form ions in the solution and is not capable of conducting electricity
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Aqueous Solutions
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(aq) a solution in which water (H2O) is the solvent
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Dissociates
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Ionic solid breaks into ionic compounds when dissolved in water
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Solvation
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when water forms a shell around ions preventing cations and anions from forming
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Strong Electrolutes
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solutes that exist in solutions completely or nearly completely as ions
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Weak Electrolytes
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solutes that exist mostly as molecules in water with only a small fraction of ions
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Precipitation Reactions
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a reaction in which an insoluble product is formed
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Precipitate
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a insoluble product that is formed by a reaction in solution
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Solubility
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amount of substance that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a particular temperature
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Metathesis Reactions
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reaction in which the positive ions and negative ions appear to exchange partners
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Molecular Equation
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lists all species in molecular form
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Complete Ionic Equation
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lists all strong, soluble electrolytes int he reaction as ions
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Net Ionic Equation
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lists only the unique ions on both sides of the reaction
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Spectator Ions
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ions that are present in the solution but not involved in chemical reaction therefore these ions are not included in the net ionic equation
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Acids
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substances that are able to ionize in aqueous solutions to form H+
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Bases
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substances that usually produce OH- when they dissolve in water
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Neutralization Reaction
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occurs when an acid and a base react; the products of a neutralization reaction are normally a salt and water
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Salt
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ionic compound whose cation ocmes from a base nd anion from acid
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Oxidation-Reduction (Redox)
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involves the transfer of electrons between reactants
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Oxidation numbers
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form of bookkeeping; to help us keep tack of electrons
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LEO says GER
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lose electron oxidized; gain electron reduce
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Activity Series
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lists metals in decreasing ease of oxidation
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Concentration
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amount of solute dissolved in a give quantity of solvent or a give quantity of solute; the greater the amount of solute, the more concentrated the solution
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Molarity (M)
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expresses concentration as a number of moles of solute in liters of solution
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Titrations
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combines a sample of the solution with a reagent solution of known concentration to determine solutions of unknown concentration
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Equivalence point
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point at which you have stoichiometric equivalent quantities
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