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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to Arrhenius, what is the definition of an acid and a base ?
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1. Acid: A substance that when dissolved with water, it increases the concentration of hydrogen ions
2. Base: A substance that when dissolved with water, it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions |
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What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid and base ?
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1. Acid: A substance that willingly donates a proton
2. Base: A substance that willingly receives/accepts a proton |
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What are species called that can both act as an acid or a a base ?
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Amphiprotic or amphoteric.
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How does the Bronsted-Lowry concept enlarge Arrhenius' concept ?
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1. Expands it to include substances that only contain H+ ions
2. Includes ions and molecules 3. Enables us to write acid-base reactions that are not just restricted to aqueous solutions 4. Allows some species to sometimes be both an acid or a base |
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What is the conjugate acid and base of water ?
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Acid - H+ or H3O+
Base- OH- |
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True or false: It is safe to assume that weak acids will yield weak conjugate bases.
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True.
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True or false: In any acid-base reaction, the equilibrium will favor the reaction that gives the proton to the weakest base.
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False. It will favor the reaction that gives it to the strongest base.
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What is self-ionization in water ?
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A process where two water molecules react with one another to form one hydronium ion and one hydroxide ion.
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What is the ion product constant ?
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1.0 x 10^-14 = Kw = [H+][OH-].
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What is the equation for pH and pOH respectively ?
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pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH-] |
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What will pH + pOH always equal ?
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14.
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How would you calculate [H+] from pH ?
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[H+] = 10^-pH.
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True or false: In a very strong poliprotic acid, the [H+] = [acid].
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False. This is true for a very strong monoprotic acid.
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Give the expression for the acid dissociation constant.
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k = ([H+][A-]) / [HA]
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What can you deduce from a large Ka value ?
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That the acid is strong because it almost dissociated completely.
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True or false: The acid strength of an acid decreases with an increasing negative charge.
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True.
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True or false: The acid strength of an acid decreases with an increase in number of oxygen atoms inside that molecule.
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False. The acid strength increases.
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What is the definition of a Lewis acid and base, respectively ?
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1.Acid- A electron pair acceptor/receiver
2. Base- An electron pair donator |