Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ohm's law
|
v=IR
|
|
V~
|
voltage AC
|
|
V__
--- |
Voltage DC
|
|
A__
--- |
current DC
|
|
A~
|
current, AC
|
|
Gas thermometer
Who's law and what's the law How does it work Why adding water extends range? |
Charles, v=constant*T
As you decrease the temperature, the air pressure decreases allowing the water to slip down the pipet. Decrease volume of air in bulb, less air so contracts/expands less for specific temp change (harder to read, less resolution) |
|
3 advantages of silicon temp sensor over hg in glass thermometer
|
larger temp range
faster response time more applications |
|
Equation for Rf values
|
distance moved by component/distance moved by mobile phase front
|
|
Mobile/stationary for paper
|
mobile: liquid paper is put into (non polar)
stationary: water and paper. water H bonds to paper |
|
Vr (retention volume)?
|
Vr= volume of mobile phase passed through the column between injector point and the peak maximum.
? Distance traveled to remove band 1/2 way off the column. |
|
liquid stationary phase/mobile phase?
|
silica gel
ethanol/water |
|
in chrom. want to maximize?
minimize? |
max-component migration differences of all components
min-component spreading that occurs during chrom process |
|
gas chrom
stationary? mobile? |
stationary-activated tide solid powder
mobile-carrier gas (methane) |
|
Why did the samples have different retention times? Factors?
|
size (molecular weight), attraction to stationary phase, IMF
|
|
CFC?
|
CFC-cholorfluorocarbons--stable, volatile, cheap, only Cl F and C, phased out because have long half life and stay in troposphere/stratosphere for a long time. causes ozone holes.
EX: Freon 11 central carbon with 3 Cl and 1 F around |
|
HFC?
|
HFC-hydrofluorocarbons--only H, F, C
EX: 2 C in middle, 3 F around 1 C, 2 H and F around the other |
|
Practical applications of GC
|
compound identification and analysis of trace impurities
|
|
EoCell=
|
E half red-E half oxi
|
|
pos E cell=
|
spontaneous
|
|
How to make lead acid battery?
|
Compartment filled with electrolyte, H2SO4, and lead grid filled with spongy lead (anode) and lead grid filled with PbO2 (cathode)
|
|
How are EoCell and K related?
Large + K value? |
EoCell=(RT/nF)ln Keq
spontaneous |
|
Nernst equation?
|
E=Eo - (RT/nF) ln Q
|
|
Ecell as concentrations when battery is run down?
|
at equilibrium for Cu/Zn battery
product [Zn 2+] is very high and reactant [Cu 2+] is very low. Zn (s) + [Cu 2+] -> [Zn 2+] + Cu (s) |
|
Chemical kinetics?
|
Study of rates of chemical processes
|
|
Major factors that determine rate of chemical reaction?
|
Temp
[] of chemical species in rxn Catalysts rate at which reactants can mix together |
|
rate determining step?
|
slowest step in chemical reaction
|
|
mechanism of reaction?
|
All actual elementary steps involving molecules that take place simultaneoulsy or consecutively that are added together to give observed, overall rxn
|
|
Activation energy?
|
E that atomic system must acquire before a process can occur
|
|
relationship between Ea, rate of reaction, endothermicity of reaction, exothermicity of reaction?
|
Ea= -RT ln (k(rate constant)/A(frequency factor))
Rate deals with kinetics. Exo/Endo deals with thermodynamics. No connections between the 2 |
|
Given raw data, determine activation energy for reaction.
|
4th quadrant
x-axis= 1/T (K^-1) y-axis=log of rate slope= -Ea/(2.303*R) R=8.314 |
|
How do 'graphs' look if slow or fast rxn?
|
high peak=slow reaction
low peak=fast reaction |
|
What effect does dilution has on the pH of a buffer as well as the effect dilution has on buffer capacity.
|
No effect on pH
lowers buffering capacity |
|
Why are buffers biologically relevent?
|
Biochemical reactions are very sensitive to pH, therefore there must be buffers involved so that there will be no drastic changes in pH that will disrupt biologically crucial reactions.
|
|
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation?
|
pH=PKa + log ([A-]/[HA])
|
|
How to determine Ka of an acid given a titration curve?
|
At pH halfway to equivalence point, PKa=pH
|