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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Science
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systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation
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Experiment
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method by which a scientist carefully records observations under a set of controlled conditions.
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Hypothesis
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explain the observation in a logical manner
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Scientific Method
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1. perform an experiment
2. analyze the data and propose a hypothesis to explain the data 3. consuct additional experiments to test the hypothesis |
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Chemistry
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the science that deals with matter and its changes
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Matter
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anything that has mass and occupies space
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Mass
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measurement of the quantity of matter that an object contains
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Metric System
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standardized measurement system
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Volume
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pie r squared height
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Density
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mass
--------- volume |
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Spectra
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color lines
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Diffraction Grating
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sheet of material that separates the different wavelengths of light
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Continuous Spectrum
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white light appears as a complete rainbow
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Hydrates
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solid ionic compounds that contain water
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Anhydrous Solids
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compounds that have no water in their crystals
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Desiccants
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keep the moisture content of nearby air very low
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Law of Constant (or Definite) Composition
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constant ratio of water molecules throuhout homogeneous hydrated crystals
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Hydrate Number
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the whole number coefficient before the water symbol in stoichiometry
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Heat of Hydration
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measure of the amount of energy that holds the water molecules in their lattice positions
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Ideal Gas Law
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PV=nRT
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R constant
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.08206 L atm/mol K
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Standard Conditions
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0 *C (273.15 K), 1.00 atm
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Standard Molar Volume of Gases
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one mole is 22.4 liters
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Combined Gas Law
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PV/T = P'V'/T'
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Volatile
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vaporize easily and are therefore able to be detected through our sense of smell
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Esters
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sweet smelling compounds
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Tensile Strength
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measured by pulling quickly on the polymer
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Elasticity
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determines how far the material will stretch and is tested by pulling on hte material slowly
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Resiliency
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determines how well it will return to its original form
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Bounce
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how high it will bounce when dropped from a certain height
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Endothermic
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decrease in the temperature of the chemicals, container, and surroundings
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Calorimeter
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vessel enclosed in an insulated space so that little or no hear is transferred to the surroundings
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Carbohydrates
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body's source of quick energy
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Simple Sugars
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monosaccharides and disaccharides
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Complex Carbohydrates
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polymers of monosaccharide units in the ring form
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