Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
child development
|
area of study devoted to understanding constancy and change from conception through adolescence
|
|
developmental science
|
field of study that includes all changes we experience throughout the lifespan
|
|
prenatal period
|
from conception to birth
|
|
infancy and toddlerhood
|
birth to 2 years
|
|
early childhood
|
2 to 6 years
|
|
middle childhood
|
6 to 11 years
|
|
adolescence
|
11 to 18 years
|
|
theory
|
an orderly integrated set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior
|
|
physical development
|
changes/growth in body systems (size)
|
|
cognitive development
|
changes in intellectual ability (memory)
|
|
emotional development
|
changes in emotions or self-understanding
|
|
social development
|
changes in communication and friendships
|
|
continuous
|
a process of gradually adding more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with
|
|
discontinuous
|
a process in which new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at specific times
|
|
stages
|
changes in thinking, feeling, and behaving, that characterize specific periods of development
|
|
contexts
|
unique combinations of personal and environmental circumstances that can result in different paths of change.
|
|
nature vs. nurture
|
1.___inborn biological givens
2.___complex forces that influence our makeup and experiences. |
|
resilience
|
ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development
|
|
tabula rasa
|
Locke viewed children as a blank slate__ (latin)
|
|
noble savage
|
Rosseau viewed children as these ____ (naturally endowed with a sense of right and wrong and with an innate plan for orderly, healthy growth)
|
|
maturation
|
refers to the genetically determined, naturally unfolding course of growth
|
|
Charles Darwin
|
forefather of scientific child study
|
|
psychoanalytic perspective
|
children move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations.
|
|
psychosexual theory
|
emphasizes that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in the first few years is crucial for healthy personality development (freud)
|
|
psychosocial theory
|
tthe ego makes a positive contribution to development acquiring attitudes and skills at each stage that make the individual an active, contributing member of society. (Erikson)
|
|
behaviorism
|
directly observable events, stimuli and responses, are the appropiate focus of study
|
|
behavior modification
|
procedures that combine conditioning and modeling to eliminate undesirable behaviors and increase desirable responses
|
|
Ethology
|
study that focuses on the adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and on similarities between humans and other species.
|
|
Evolutionary developmental psych.
|
branch of psych. that seeks to understand the adaptive value of species wide cognitive, emotional, and social competencies as they change with age.
|
|
socio cultural theory
|
focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation. (vygotsky)
|