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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Charles Martel
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Charlemagnes grandfather stopped the invading Muslims in France just 150 miles from the English Channel.
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What lands were included in the Carolingian Empire
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At its height, under Charlemagne, the empire included Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy.
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The Treaty of Verdun and 3 regions that were created by the treaty
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The empire was subdivided by Charlemagne’s grandsons in the Germanic tradition of splitting property between sons. West/French, Middle/Burgundy, East/Germany
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Vikings
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Sea raiders from Scandinavia who were a new threat to Western Europe, attacked England, France, and Spain
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Economic transformations of Western Europe that accompanied the new Germanic political order
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urban based civilization shrank, a decline in trade, and bartering replaced coin purchases
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Diet of Northern European countries
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beer, lard, butter, bread, pork
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Diet of Southern European countries (Roman)
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wheat, wine, olive oil
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Manors
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self sufficient farming estates (grew from the need of self sufficiency and defense)
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Serfs
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agricultural workers who belonged to the manor and the “Lord” who ran it.
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Feudalism
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land awarded for military service.(Complex network of relationships between landholding and the obligation to provide military service to a lord kings. Lords gave land to “vassels” in return form sworn military support.)
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Knight
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class of nobles that emerged as the central figure in medieval warfare.
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Fief
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a grant of land for a pledge to provide military service
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Vassals
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Given fief (land) in land return for military support |
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Importance of marriage alliances in the Middle Ages
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women were pawns in marriage politics, A man who married a widow or daughter of a lord with no sons could gain control of a lord’s property.
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lord of a manor
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had almost unlimited power over his agricultural workers—the serfs
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