Chapter 9

Front 1

Symptom

Back 1

Complaints that CANNOT be felt or observed by others

Front 2

Sign

Back 2

Objective conditions that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured by others

Hint 2

You can touch a stop sign

Front 3

Scene Size Up

Back 3

Evaluation of the conditions in which you will be operating

Hint 3

Potential or actual scene hazards and threats, decide whether additional resources are needed

Front 4

Traumatic Injuries

Back 4

Result of physical forces applied to outside of body. Object striking body or body striking the object

Front 5

Mechanism of Injury (MOI)

Back 5

Type or amount of force, how long it was applied, where it was applied to the body.

Hint 5

Falls, motor vehicle accident, assaults, industrial accidents

Front 6

Nature of Illness (NOI)

Back 6

Illnesses or conditions not caused by outside force

Hint 6

Seizure, myocardial infarction (H.A.), diabetic problems, poisonings

Front 7

Chief Complaint

Back 7

Determining the general type of illness or injury often best described by the patient

Front 8

Standard Precautions

Back 8

Protective measures recommended by the CDC dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, other exposure risks to communicable diseases

Front 9

Triage

Back 9

Process of sorting out patients based on severity of condition

Front 10

Primary Assessment

Back 10

Identify signs of life threats and immediately work to correct them, determine priority of patient care and transport

Front 11

LOC

Back 11

Level of consciousness

Front 12

Perfusion

Back 12

Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue to provide necessary oxygen

Front 13

AVPU Scale

Back 13

Tests a patients responsiveness:

Awake and alert, Verbal stimuli, Pain response, Unresponsive

Hint 13

Awake and alert, Verbal stimuli, Pain response, Unresponsive

Front 14

Orientation

Back 14

Test patients mental status by checking memory or thinking ability. Remember 4 things: Person- their name

Place- current location

Time- current year, month, approximate date

Event- describe what happened MOI or NOI

Front 15

Spontaneous Respiration’s

Back 15

Patient breathing without assistance

Front 16

Hypoxia

Back 16

lack of oxygen, low blood oxygen, oxygen starvation

Front 17

Normal Oxygenation

Back 17

94%-99%

Front 18

Labored Breathing

Back 18

Breathing gets difficult requires progressively more effort

Front 19

Retractions

Back 19

Indentation above the clavicles and spaces in between the ribs during labored breathing

Front 20

Circulation impairment

Back 20

Blood loss, shock, conditions that affect the heart and major blood vessels

Front 21

Circulation Evaluation

Back 21

Assessing patients mental status, pulse, skin condition

Front 22

Cyanosis

Back 22

Insufficient air exchange and low oxygen in blood cause blood and vessels to become blue, causing skin, lips, nail beds to appear blue

Front 23

Skin with High Blood Pressure

Back 23

Abnormally flushed and red

Front 24

Jaundice

Back 24

Patients skin and sclera turn yellow. Possible cause liver disease or dysfunction

Front 25

Sclera

Back 25

Normally white portion of the eye, may show color changes before skin color change is visible

Front 26

Skin feels cool

Back 26

Possible early shock, mild hypothermia, or inadequate perfusion

Front 27

Diaphoretic

Back 27

Skin is wet, moist or clammy

Front 28

Hypoperfusion

Back 28

Low blood pressure

Front 29

Vasoconstriction

Back 29

Narrowing of blood vessels

Front 30

DCAP-BTLS

Back 30

Deformity, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling

Front 31

High Priority Patients

Back 31

Unresponsive, poor general impression, difficulty breathing, uncontrolled bleeding, responsive but unable to follow commands, severe chest pain, pale skin or signs of poor perfusion, complicated child birth, severe pain in any area of the body

Front 32

Suspect shock in patient if:

Back 32

Exhibiting tachycardia and pale, cool, clammy skin. Transport Immediately

Front 33

Primary Assessment

Back 33

Identify and initiate treatment of immediate or potential life threats

Front 34

General Impressions

Back 34

Age, Sex, Race, Level of distress, Overall Appearance

Front 35

PEARRL

Back 35

Pupils, equal and round, regular in size, react to light

Front 36

History taking

Back 36

Chief Complaint and account of patients signs and symptoms

Front 37

Open ended question examples

Back 37

What seems to be the matter? Or what is bothering you the most today?

Front 38

OPQRST “O”

Back 38

Onset- what were you doing when the symptoms began?

Front 39

OPQRST “P”

Back 39

Provocation-does anything make it better or worse? How are you most comfortable?

Front 40

OPQRST “Q”

Back 40

Quality- what does the symptoms feel like? Is it sharp, dull, crashing, tearing? Does it come in waves? Ask the patient to describe the symptoms.

Front 41

OPQRST “R”

Back 41

Region/radiation- where do you feel the symptom? Does it move anywhere?

Front 42

OPQRST “S”

Back 42

Severity- on a scale of 0-10, how would you rate your symptom?

Front 43

OPQRST “T”

Back 43

Timing- has the symptoms been constant or coming and going? How long have you had the symptom? When did it start?

Front 44

Pertinent Negatives

Back 44

Important negative findings

Front 45

SAMPLE “S”

Back 45

Signs and symptoms- what signs and symptoms occurred at the onset of the incident? Does the patient report pain?

Front 46

SAMPLE “A”

Back 46

Allergies- is patient allergic to any food, medications, or other substance? What reaction did patient have? No allergies report it as NKA

Front 47

SAMPLE “M”

Back 47

Medications- what meds is patient prescribed?

Front 48

SAMPLE “P”

Back 48

Pertinent past medical history- does patient have history of medical, surgical, or trauma occurrences? Has patient had a recent illness, fall, or blow to the head? Important family history?

Front 49

SAMPLE “L”

Back 49

Last oral intake- when did the patient last eat or drink? What did patient eat or drink? How much was consumed? Any oral intake in last 4 hours?

Front 50

SAMPLE “E”

Back 50

Events leading up to injury or illness? What are key events leading? What happened between onset and your arrival? What was patient doing when illness or injury started?

Front 51

SAMPLE

Back 51

Signs and symptoms

Allergies

Medications

Pertinent past medical history

Last oral intake

Events