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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scene Size-Up
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1. BSI
2. Scene Safety 3. Consider MOI / NOI 4. Determine the # of patients 5. Do you need help (fire fighters, cops, ambulance) 6. C-Spine Immobilization |
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Scene Safety Incudes
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- oncoming traffic
- unstable surfaces - leaking fluids and fumes - broken utility poles and downed electrical wires - hostile bystanders - smoke or fire - hazardous/toxic material - violence and crime scenes |
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Initial Assessment
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1. Approach and Form a General Impression
2. Assess mental status 3. Assess the airway 4. Assess breathing 5. Assess circulation 6. identify priority patient and make transport decision |
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Assessing Mental Status
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AVPU, Person- who they are, Place- where they are, Time- what year/time is, Event- what happened (MOI/NOI)
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Assessing the Airways
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Check for:
dyspnea, use of accessory muscles nasal-flaring, and labored breathing |
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Dyspnea
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a patient who can only speak two or three words without pausing to take a breath
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Nasal Flaring
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(also know as see-saw breathing)
in pediatric patients indicates inadequate breathing |
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Assessing Breathing
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Check for:
choking, rate, depth, lung sounds, air movement |
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Pulse Rate
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Infant (1month-1) 100-160
Toddler (1-3) 90-150 Pre-schooler (3-6) 80-140 school-age (6-12) 70-120 Adolescent (12-18) 60-100 |
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Asessing Circulation
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1. Pulse
2. Assess and Control External Bleeding 3. Skin |
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How to Control External Bleeding
(Assessing Circulation) |
1. Direct Pressure
2. Elevation 3. Pressure Points |
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Assessing the Skin
(Assessing Circulation) |
1. skin color- capillary refill, conjunctiva and sclera color, cyanosis
2. Temperature- cool/clammy 3. Condition 4. Capillary Refill- should only take 2 seconds |
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IPA
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Inspect Palpatate Auscultate
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Ongoing Assessment
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- reassess mental status
- maintain an open airway - monitor the patients breathing - reassess pulse rate and quality - monitor skin color and temperature - reestablish patient priorities - reassess and record vital signs - repeat focused assessment check interventions - ensure adequacy of oxygen delivery/articifial ventilation - ensure management of bleeding - ensure adequacy of other interventions 1. Repeat the initial assessment 2. Reassess and record vital signs 3. repeat the focused assessment 4. check intervention |
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PATIENT ASSESSMENT
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1. Scene Size-up
2. Intial Assessment 3. MOI- focused history and physical exams followed by detailed physical exam, NOI- focused history and physical exam 4. Ongoing Assessment |
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Stridor
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a harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sound that is often heard in acute laryngeal (upper airway) obstructions; may sounds like crowing and be audible without a stethoscope
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guarding
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involuntary muscle contractions (spasm) of the abdominal wall in an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen
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crepitus
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a grating ir grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together; also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling
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DCAP-BTLS
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Deformities
Contusions Abrasions Punctures/penetrations Burns Tenderness Lacerations Swelling |
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Rales
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crackling, rattling, breath sound that signals fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; also called crackles
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rhonchi
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coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways
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