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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tuberculosis is caused by this bacteria? |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Is the tuberculosis bacteria aerobic or anaerobic |
Aerobic |
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Tuberculosis is a disease that infects these parts of the body? |
Lungs Bones Bladder Kidney Bloodstream |
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Tuberculosis can be transferred to human host by humans and these other vectors? |
Cows Birds |
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In an intact immune system, the bacteria is encased in the? |
Granuloma |
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What is a granuloma |
A collection of macrophages that walls of bacteria to stop growth |
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A person who has acquired a TB infection but has no symptoms is said to have |
Latent or Inactive TB |
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Under what circumstances can a person with latent TB acquire TB at a later date |
If they are immunocompromised |
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How long after you are exposed to TB will their be an immune response |
2-10 weeks |
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What is done to confirm a person has TB |
Intradermal TB skin test |
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How can a nurse confirm TB after the initial ID skin test |
They will have an induration of 10 mm or larger |
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What is an induration |
A hardened red area |
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When latent TB becomes active TB it is called? |
Secondary tuberculosis |
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What is the size of the induration when a person is confirmed to have tuberculosis? |
10 mm |
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How does other organs become infected when someone has tuberculosis? |
When the bacteria spread through the bloodstream |
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What are the symptoms of active tuberculosis? |
Cough Bloody sputum Poor appetite Night sweats Fever Chills |
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What conditions can cause latent TB to become secondary TB/active TB? |
Immunosuppression HIV infection Smoking |
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How many drugs are used to control tuberculosis? |
Four |
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Name the drugs used to control tuberculosis? |
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol |
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How long does it take to treat tuberculosis? |
6 months or longer |
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How long should first-line TB drug therapy last? |
Eight weeks |
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How long is the continuation phase of TB drug therapy? |
18 weeks |
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Name the drugs that are taken in the initial phase of TB treatment? |
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol |
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Name the TB drugs that are taken during the continuation phase? |
Isoniazid Rifampin |
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In a standard household where one of three persons contracted tuberculosis, what preventative measure is taken to ensure it is not spread to other family members? |
The family members are also treated with the same drugs |
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What typically causes Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) organisms in people who have TB? |
Misuse or mismanagement of drugs (not taking the drugs as prescribed or not finishing the entire bottle) |
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When are the TB drugs deemed to be resistant? |
If the disease is resistant to at least two (2) of the four first-line drugs |
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When are second-line oral drugs for TB used? |
Second-line drugs are drugs used when the bacteria is resistant to first line drugs |
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Name the second-line TB drugs? |
Flouroquinolones Amikacin Kanamycin Capreomycin |
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Name the oral second-line drug for tuberculosis? |
Flouroquinolones |
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Name the injectable second-line drugs for tuberculosis? |
Amikacin Kanamycin Capreomycin |
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When someone is resistant to both first-line and second-line TB drugs they have a rare resistance called? |
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) |
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Are TB drugs bacteriacidal or Bacteriastatic? |
They are both bacteriacidal and Bacteriastatic |
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Where does the main action of first-line TB drugs takes place? |
Within and outside the cell walls |
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When are tuberculosis drugs use as a prophylaxis?? |
For people who are exposed to the disease or people who are in the same household as someone who is infected with tuberculosis |
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What organ metabolizes isoniazid? |
Liver |
