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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A group of tissues that performs a specific function is a
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Organ
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The two major components of the integumentary system are
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the cutaneous membrane and the accessory structures
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The portion of the integument that is made up of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen & elastin is
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Dermis
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The epidermis provides a physical barrier due largely to the presence of
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Keratin
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The cells producing the pigment responsible for skin color are the
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Melanocytes
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Cells of the skin that are active in the immune process
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Langerhans Cells
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Beginning at the basal lamina and traveling toward the free surface, the epidermis includes the following layers
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Germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
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The layer of the epidermis only found in the thick skin of the palms and soles is
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Stratum Lucidum
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As the cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface, what happens
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they degenerate and die
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Layer where mitosis occurs to replace cells lost from outer layer of epidermis
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Stratum Basale
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Layer of dead cells filled with keratin
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Stratum Corneum
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Production of keratohyalin granules; lamellar bodies release lipids; cells die
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Stratum Granulosum
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Dispersion of keratohyalin around keratin fibers; layer appears transparent; cells die
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Stratum Lucidum
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Production of keratin fibers; formation of lamellar bodies; limited amount of cell division.
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Stratum Spinosum
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Has no direct blood supply, contains kerantinocytes
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Epidermis
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Is mostly connective tissue and layer where corpuscles of touch are found
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Dermis
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The two major components of the dermis are
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papillary layer and reticular layer
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The layer of the dermis closest to the epidermis and its responsible for fingerprints and footprints
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Papillary Layer
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The layer of the dermis responsible for most of the structural strength of the skin and responsible for cleavage line and striae
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Reticular layer
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Receptors in the skin that are sensitive to touch
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Meissner's corpuscles & Pacinian Corpuscles
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The primary pigments contained in the epidermis
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Carotene and melanin
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The function of melanin in the skin is
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Protection from ultraviolet light
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The accessory structures of the integument include
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hair follicles, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands
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Hair
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colored by melanin
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The base of a hair follicle is enlarged into an onion-shaped structure called
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Bulb
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Structures of a hair and hair follicle in order form the outside of the hair follicle to the center of the hair
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Dermal root sheath, epithelial root sheath, cuticle, cortex, medulla
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The outer surface of a hair shaft is made up of
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thin, flat, scale-like cells arranged like shingles
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Hair is surrounded by and is a product of cells of the
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epidermis
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The portion of the hair follicle where the cell divisions responsible for growth occur is the
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matrix
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You can cut hair without feeling pain because
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the shaft of the hair consist of dead cells
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An arrector pili muscle
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can cause the hair to stand up straight
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Two types of exocrine glands in the skin are
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Sebaceous and sweat glands
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The glands usually associated with hair follicles
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Sebaceous glands
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Lubricates the surface of the skin and hair, consist of dead cells and fatty substances, in excess may cause seborrhea
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Sebum
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Perspiration is the substance produced by
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Sudoriferous glands
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The primary function of sensible perspiration is to
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Reduce body temperature
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Alveolar glands that produce a white, oily substance; usually open into hair follicles
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Sebaceous Glands
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Coiled tubular glands that secrete a hyposmotic fluid that cools the body; most numerous in the palms and soles of feet
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Merocrine sweat glands
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Secretions from these coiled tubular glands are broken down by bacteria to produce body odor; found in the axillae, genetalia and around anus
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Apocrine sweat gland
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Apocrine sweat glands can be controlled by
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The autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system
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Glands that are present in the external auditory meatus are
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Ceruminous glands
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The stratum corneum of the nail fold grows onto the nail body as the
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Lunula
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The lunula of the nail appears white because
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blood vessels cannot be seen through the thick nail matrix
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The cuticle of the nail consists of
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Srtatum Corneum
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Most of the nail is produced by the
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nail Matrix
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nails are found from
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Epidermal cells
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The portion of a nail that extends past the end of the finger is the
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free edge
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The skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body at optimum levels by participating in the production of
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Vitamin D
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Which process increases heat loss from the body
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Dilation of dermal arterioles
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In third-degree burns, both the epidermis and dermis of the skin are destroyed. What would not occur
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Increased sweating
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The development of gray hair is due to
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the reduction of melanocyte activity
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If damaged, which may be replaced by fibrous tissue
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nerves, muscles and hair follicles
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white blood cells at the scene of a deep wound
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engulf microbes and cell debris
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sometimes, scar tissue formation continues to form after the repair is complete. this is called
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Keloid
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After a cut into the dermis, the stratum germinativum cells begin to migrate
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toward one another to close the wound
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During the repair process of a wound, the number of capillaries at the wound site
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increases in number
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Which cells are mostly responsible for scar formation
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Fibroblast
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