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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Autotroph |
Primary producer; organism that produces organic molecules by acquiring carbon from inorganic sources. |
Self feeder |
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Heterotroph |
Organism that obtains carbon by consuming preexisting organic molecules. |
I'm this. |
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Photosynthesis |
The process by which plants, algae, and some microorganisms harness solar energy and convert it to chemical energy. |
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Electromagnetic spectrum |
The range of possible frequencies of radiation. |
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Photons |
Discrete packets of kinetic energy. |
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Wavelength |
Distance a photon moves during a complete vibration. |
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Chlorophyll a |
A green photosynthetic pigment in plants, algae and cyanobacteria. |
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Accessory pigments |
Energy capturing pigment molecules other than chlorophyll a. |
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Stomata |
Tiny openings in the epidermis of a leaf or stem. |
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Mesophyll |
Photosynthetic ground tissue in leaves |
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Chloroplasts |
The organelles of photosynthesis in plants and algae |
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Stroma |
Galatinous fluid containing ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes |
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Grana |
Stack of disk shaped thylakoids. |
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Thylakoid |
Disclike structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast. |
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Thylakoid space |
The inner compartment of the thylakoid. |
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Photosystems |
Clusters of photosynthetic pigments and proteins that participate in photosynthesis. |
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Reaction center |
A molecule of chlorophyll a (and associated proteins) that participates in the light reactions of photosynthesis. |
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Antenna pigments |
Capture photon energy and funnel it to the reaction center. |
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Light reactions |
Convert solar energy to chemical energy. |
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ATP |
A nucleotide that stores potential energy in the covalent bonds between its phosphate groups. |
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NADPH |
Coenzyme that carries pairs of energized electrons. |
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Carbon reactions |
The reactions of photosynthesis that use ATP and NADPH to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide. |
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Electron transport chain |
A group of proteins that shuttle electrons like a bucket brigade, releasing energy with each step |
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ATP synthase |
Transforms the gradient's energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP. |
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Calvin cycle |
The metabolic pathway that uses NADPH and ATP to assemble CO2 molecules into three-carbon carbohydrate molecules. |
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Carbon fixation |
The initial incorporation of carbon from CO2 into an organic compound. |
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Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) |
a five carbon sugar with two phosphate groups. |
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Rubisco |
The enzyme that catalyzes this essential first reaction |
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C3 pathway |
The calvin cycle |
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C4 pathway |
A carbon fixation pathway in which CO2 combines with a three-carbon molecule to form a four-carbon molecule. |
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Photorespiration |
A series of reactions that begin when rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP |
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Bundle-sheath cells |
Surround the leaf veins. |
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CAM pathway |
Carbon fixation that occurs at night; CO2 is later released for use in the Calvin cycle during the day. |
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Chemiosmatic Phosphorylation |
The coupling of ATP formation to the release of energy from a proton gradient. |
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