Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
If their is protein in urine what does that indicate?
|
glomerular problem
|
|
About how many cc's can a bladder contain?
|
600
|
|
What is the normal amount of cc's voided at one time?
|
300
|
|
What is the typical 24hr total cc output?
|
1500
|
|
What does angiotension II do?
|
VC and releases aldosterone from adrenal cortex
|
|
What does angiotension III do?
|
same as aldosterone
|
|
What is the overall effect of renin?
|
increased arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow
|
|
Because CRF patient doesn't have the active form of Vit D what is the result?
|
can't absorb calcium and therefore bones become thin
|
|
The CRF patient is often anemic. Y?
|
they don't produce erythropoeitin
|
|
What parts of the brain supresses going pee?
|
cerebral cortex, thalamus hypothalamus, brain stem
|
|
If the spinal cord is damaged above the sacral region what is the result?
|
reflex bladder - dribbling
|
|
What are the diseases that cause lesions of peripheral nerves to the bladder?
|
diabetic mellitus and multiple sclerosis
|
|
What are some diseases that hinder physical activity of voiding?
|
arthritis, degenerative joint disease and Parkinson
|
|
what happens during end stage renal disease?
|
uremic syndrome
|
|
What is peritoneal dialysis?
|
a solution is instilled into the peritoneal cavity and drains out wastes and excess fluid and electrolytes by gravity
|
|
What is hemodialysis?
|
wastes are extracted by a machine
|
|
What color does pyridium turn urine?
|
bright orange
|
|
What is the difference between upper and lower urinary tract infection?
|
upper: urosepsis, flank pain, tenderness
lower: nausea, vomiting, malaise, hematuria |
|
What is functional incontinence?
|
urge to void that causes loss of urine before reaching appropriate receptacle
|
|
What is stress incontinence?
|
loss of urine with increased intraabdominal pressure (coughing, laughing)
|
|
What is urge incontinence?
|
urinary urgency (more than every 2 hours)
|
|
What is mixed incontinence?
|
combination of urge and stress symptoms
|
|
What is reflex incontinence?
|
lack of urge to void, unawareness of bladder filling, reflex emptying when certain volume reached
|
|
What is an intervention that can be used for reflex incontinence?
|
catheterization
|
|
What is an intervention that can be used for functional incontinence?
|
clothing modifications, scheduled toileting, absorbent products, environmental alterations
|
|
What are some interventions for stress incontinence?
|
pelvic floor exercises, surgical, absorbent products
|
|
What are some interventions for urge incontinence?
|
absorbent products, lifestyle changes, bladder retraining
|
|
When purcussing a full bladder what does it sound like?
|
dull
|
|
How do you test for kidney infection?
|
put your fist on their kidney and fist bump, if their is pain then that should indicate kidney infection
|
|
How do you auscultate for the urinary system?
|
listen over the renal artery - hear the whooshing sound with indicates increased BP
|
|
What is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis?
|
medical: clean
surgical: sterile |
|
What is asepsis?
|
absence of organisms
|
|
What is the most common bacteria in the medical workplace?
|
E coli
|
|
When assessing urinary problems, what questions do you ask?
|
nature of the problem, signs and symptoms, onset and duration, severity, predisposing factors, and effect on client
|
|
what is the proper pH for urine?
|
4.6-8.0
|
|
What should the specific gravity of urine be?
|
1.0053-1.030
|
|
What are the three most common particles in urine that are typically absent that indicate toward a UTI?
|
WBC, nitrates, and proteins
|
|
What is dysuria?
|
painful or difficult urination
|
|
What is oliguria?
|
diminished urinary output relative to intake (usually 400ml/24hr)
|
|
What is residual urine?
|
volume of urine remaining after voiding (greater than 100ml)
|
|
How many cc's are in an oz?
|
29.6
|
|
How many cc's should a patient have a day?
|
2000
|
|
What does it mean if a patient is on Keflex?
|
they are on antibiotics
|
|
How do you get a sterile urine specimen?
|
from a catheter
|
|
On which types of tests do you have to know if the patient has a shellfish allergy?
|
IVP and a renal arteriogram
|
|
What are the non invasive diagnostic examination?
|
X-ray, IVP, renal scan, computerized axial tomography
|
|
What are the invasive diagnostic examinations?
|
endoscopy, angiography, and urodynamic testing
|
|
If you have casts in your urine what does it typically indicate?
|
a disease
|
|
What is the purpose of an IVP?
|
outline urinary system
|
|
How do they do an IVP?
|
iodine IV injection
|
|
What is the function of a renal ultrasound?
|
identify gross renal strucutres
|
|
What is the function of an abdominal roentgenogram?
|
determine the size, shape, symmetry, and location of kidneys
|
|
What is the function of a CT scan?
|
detailed images of the urinary system and the surrounding structures
|
|
What is the function of a urodynamic test?
|
determine bladder muscle function and determine reasons for incontinence
|
|
What is the function of and endoscopy?
|
direct visualization of the bladder
|
|
What is the function of and angiography?
|
visualizes the renal arteries and their branches
|
|
When giving a nursing diagnosis what three things do you need to include?
|
problem, reason for problem, symptoms
|
|
How often do you clean a catheter?
|
3xs a day or more
|