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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are some of the benefits to using heated wire circuits with a heated humidifier?
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1) less condensate and reduced need for drainage
2) cost savings 3) less infection risk for patient and caregivers |
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what airway appliances would you use to administer bland water aerosol to a patient with an intact upper airway?
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1) face tent
2) aerosol mask |
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what are some of the potential hazards to using HME's?
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1) failure of low pressure arms to detect disconnection
2) hypoventilation due to increased dead space 3) underhydration or impaction of secretions |
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What could be used to minimize the problems caused by condensation in heated humidifier circuits?
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1) Install water traps in the circuits
2) use a heated wire circuit |
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List potential problems with manually refilled heated humidifier reservoirs?
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1) cross contamination and infection
2) variable compliance or delivered volume 3) delivery of dry and/or hot gases |
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What device adds molecular water to gas?
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Humidifier
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What is the most common device used to generate bland aerosols?
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Large-volume jet nebulizer
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In general, to deliver O2 to the upper airway, a bubble humidifier is required only when the gas flow exceeds which of the following?
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4 L/min
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Heat-moisture exchangers (HME's) are maily used to do what?
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warm and humidify gases delivered to the trachea via ventilator circuits
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How often should HME's be inspected and replaced?
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At least every shift
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which of the following nebulizers uses a piezoelectric transducer to generate liquid particle aerosols?
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Ultrasonic nebulizer
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During routine use on an intubated patient, a heated humidifier should deliver inspired gas at what temp and water vapor?
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temp 33 +/- 2C, with a minimum of 30 mg/L of water vapor
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Unheated bubble humidifiers are of limited effectiveness at flows above how many L/min?
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10 L/min
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What type of patient would you not recommend administration of bland aerosol therapy to?
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1) patient with a history of airway hyperresponsiveness
2) patient with active bronchoconstriction |
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what inspired conditions should be maintained when delivering medical gases directly into the trachea through an ET tube or a trach tube?
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100% RH at 32 to 35 C
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Why should you NOT heat the reservoirs of a bubble humidifier used with an oronasal oxygen delivery system?
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Condensate will obstruct the delivery tubing.
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what are three types of heat-moisture exchangers (HME's)?
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1) simple condenser
2) hygroscopic condenser 3) hydrophobic condenser |
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which type of humidifier traps the patient's body heat and expired water vapor to raise the humidity of the inspired gas?
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heat-moister exchanger HME
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What can happen with inhalation of dry gases?
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1) Increase viscosity of secretions
2) Impair mucociliary motility 3) Increase airway irritability |
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Factors affecting a humidifiers performance are what?
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1) surface area
2) temperature 3) time of contact |
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the particle size produced by an ultrasonic nebulizer depends mainly on what?
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signal frequency
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what is the most reliable indicator that the gas delivered by a servo-controlled heated-wire humidifier is fully saturated a the airway?
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observing a few drops of condensate at or near the patients airway
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what precautions should be followed with patients who are immonosuppressed or have tuberculosis?
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1) those for tuberculosis exposure
2) centers for disease control and prevention standards and contact precautions 3) CDC standards and airborne precautions |
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The amt of condensation occurring in a heated, humidified gas delivery system depends on what?
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1) length, diameter, and mass of the circuit
2) temp differential along the circuit 3) ambient temp 4) rate of gas flow through the circuit |
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what are some types of passover humidifiers?
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1) simple reservoir
2) membrane 3) wick |
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what is the goal of using an unheated bubble humidifier with oronasal oxygen delivery systems?
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Raise the humidity of the gas to ambient levels
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What are the necessary features when selecting a heated humidifier?
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1) water level readily visible
2) over-temperature protection 3) auditory and visual alarms 4) minimal temperature overshoot |
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All mist tents prevent CO2 buildup by what process?
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providing high gas flows
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For what type of patient would you recommend bland aerosol therapy?
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1) patient with upper airway edema
2) patient with a bypassed upper airway 3) patient who must provide a sputum sample |
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what principle is used by ultrasonic nebulizer to produce aerosol droplets?
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High-frequency vibrations
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A heated humidifier should trigger both auditory and visual alarms and interupt power to the heater when the temp exceeds what?
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40 C
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The greater the temperature of the gas, the
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more water vapor it can hold
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what is the point in the respiratory track where inspired gas reaches body temperature, ambient pressure, saturated (BTPS) conditions?
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Isothermic saturation boundry
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Increasing the flow through an unheated bubble humidifier has what effects?
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decreasing the water vapor content
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An ideal HME should have an efficiency rating of at least what percentage?
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70%
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What barrier precautions should be used when heated humidifier circuits are changed or removed?
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1) wear gloves
2) wear goggles |