Chapter 3

Front 1

Most human cells range from 10-15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a cell can be?

Back 1

The relationship between its volume and surface area.

Front 2

The fluid outside of a cell is called

Back 2

extracellular fluid

Front 3

The flat shaped cells found covering the skin are?

Back 3

Squamous

Front 4

What are the most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane?

Back 4

Phospholipids

Front 5

A receptor protein in the plasma membrane will not bind to just any chemical in the extracellular fluid, but only to certain ones. That is to say, the receptor exhibits?

Back 5

Specificity

Front 6

In its second -messanger role, cAMP activates enzymes called__, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.

Back 6

Kinases

Front 7

Transmembrane proteins that make up enzymes in the plasma membrane are made up of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. Most amino acids embedded in the membranes are___, while most amino acids facing the extracellular fluid are___.

Back 7

hydrophobic, hydrophilic

Front 8

Gates respond to all these stimuli except

Back 8

Water in the extracellular fluid

Front 9

__act like identification tags in the glycocalyx that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.

Back 9

Glycoproteins

Front 10

__provide motility to a cell, __act as a sensory antenna in many cells, and __increase a cell's surface area.

Back 10

Flagella, cilia, microvilli

Front 11

Cells lining the sm. intestine are specialized for absorption of nutrients. Their plasma membrane has

Back 11

microvilli

Front 12

Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a higher concentration of a non permeating solute than B then,

Back 12

water will pass downits concentration gradient from B to A

Front 13

__is the process in which ___forces water & small solutes such as salts through narrow clefts between capillary cells.

Back 13

Filtration; hydrostatic pressure

Front 14

Water flows through a selectivity permeable membrane in a process called___, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called....

Back 14

Osmosis; aquaporins

Front 15

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell. The carrier protein is a___ and the process is called___.

Back 15

symport; cotransport

Front 16

The sodium-potassium pump transports both na and K___ their concetration gradients in a process called_.

Back 16

Up; active transport

Front 17

__describes the number of partilces of a solute in a solution, whereas___is the ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell

Back 17

Osmolarity; tonicity

Front 18

Which of the following processes could occur only through the plasma membrane of a living cell?

Back 18

active transport

Front 19

Particles can leave a cell by any of these means except by

Back 19

Pinocytosis

Front 20

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of

Back 20

phagocytosis

Front 21

A patient was severly dehydrated, losing a lg amt of fluid. The pt was given an iv of nss. NSS is__ to your blood cells and is about__NaCl

Back 21

isotonic; 0.9%

Front 22

These are all membranous organelles except

Back 22

ribosomes

Front 23

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Back 23

protein synthesis

Front 24

Muscle cells contain numerous___to serve their high demand for ATP.

Back 24

mitochondria

Front 25

___synthesize(s) carbohydrates and put(s) finishing touches on proteins synthesized at___.

Back 25

The golgi complex; rough ER