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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Gamma Gobulin portion of blood// Gamma globulins are a class of ____________ in the blood// This gamma gobulin portion in blood is an ___________.
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Immunoglobulins// proteins// antibody
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anti_________ are ____________ secreted by p_________ c__________ in response to an an________.
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antibodies are proteins secreted by plasma cells in response to an antigen.
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________________ are capable of binding specifically with antigen d___________d by __ cells.
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antibodies are capable of binding specifically with antigens detected by B cells
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How many classes of Antigens are they and what are the names of the classes?
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5; (Igm,IgA,IgD,IgG or IgE)
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T or Y shaped monomer of f_____looping linked poly________ chains.
How many (H) chains? Are these different or identical? How many (L) chains? identical or different Each chain has a ___________(V) region and a much larger ___________ ( ) region ______________ (V) regions determine antigen __________; on each arm they combine to form an a___________-b___________ site. |
four; poly; 2; identical; 2 identical; variable; constant (C); variable; specificity; antigen binding site
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Constant (C) region of s____m determines 1) & 2)
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antibody class and common functions; function includes the cells and chemicals of the body the antibody can bind to; how the antibody class functions in antigen elimination
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Pentamer; first antibody released (useful for diagnosis); monomer is an antigen receptor in B cells
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IgM
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Monomer or dimer; in saliva, sweat, mucus and other secretions. It plays a major role in preventing pathogens from gaining entry into the body.
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IgA- secretory IgA
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What is the main antibody defense against cellular antigens?
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Complement Fixation and Activation
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- several antibodies bind close together on a cellular antigen
-their complement-binding sites trigger complement fixation into the cell's surface - complement triggers cell lysis |
Complement Fixation and Activation
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__-cells provide defense against intracellular antigens
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T
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There are ___ types of s_______ receptors of T cells: They are AR & DG
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2; surface; Antigen receptors (t-cell); differentiation glycoproteins (CD4 or CD8)
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Differentiation Glycoproteins play a role in __- celll int________ with o______ ce__; 2 types:
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t-cell interaction w/ other cells. CD4 & CD8
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Major Types of T-cells produce what?
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A cell-mediated immune response
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CD4 cells become ________ _____ when activated
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helper T cells
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CD8 cells become _______________ that destory cells harboring foreign antigens
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cytotoxic
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"other types of T cells" - other than CD4 and CD8?
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regulatory T cells and Memory T cells
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Lymphocytes that destroy cancerous cells in a non-specific fashion are called
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NK cells
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Which of the following is a specific body defense mechanism
Phagocytosis. inflammation immunity fever |
immunity
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The most abundant type of immunoglobin is
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IgG
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Interferon is produced in response to the presence of
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viruses
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The two major types of phagocytic cells are
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neutrophils and lympocytes
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The antibodies involved in allergic reactions are
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in the IgE class |
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Normal immune responses require the presence of
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T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes
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Which of the following cell types is derived from monocytes?
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wandering macrophage
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Natural killer cells are
monocytes macrophages lymphocytes neutrophils |
lymphocytes
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A hapten is an antigen that has
r____________y but not immun__geni_____ |
reactivity but not immunogenicity
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The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to that of a(n)
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vein |
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Afferent lymph vessels c_______ lymph toward _____________ _____________
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carry lymph toward lymph nodes
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chemotactic and attracts phagocytic cells
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Complement
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are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity |
B lymphocytes
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Medullary sinuses of lymph nodes are filled w/
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lymph
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Antigen recognition by a T-cell receptor with CD4 or CD8 proteins is the
________ in the activation of a T-cell. |
1st signal
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Lack of reactivity of T cells and B cells to fragments of one's own proteins is known as
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self-tolerance
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Lymph from the cisterna chyli empties into the
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thoracic duct
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The proper sequence of phases in the process of phagocytosis is
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chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion
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vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels
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The first stage of inflammation is
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mark the surfaces of all your body cells except your red blood cells
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Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHCI) antigens
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Antigen presenting cells (APCs) include
macrophages killer T cells neutrophils plasma cell |
macrophages
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perforin and granulysin
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Cytotoxic T cells can kill target cells directly by secreting
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