Chapter 2 The Physical World

Front 1

Oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water make up part of the Earth.

Back 1

Hydrosphere

Front 2

Land makes up a part of Earth called the ____, the Earths crust.

Back 2

Lithosphere

Front 3

Is the layer of gases extending above the planet's surface.

Back 3

Atmosphere

Front 4

The part of the Earth that supports life.

Back 4

Biosphere

Front 5

An underwater extension of the coastal plain.

Back 5

Continental Shelf

Front 6

The very center of the Earth that is solid and super-hot.

Back 6

Core

Front 7

Next to the outer core is a thick layer of hot, dense rock.

Back 7

Mantle

Front 8

The outer layer of the Earth.

Back 8

Crust

Front 9

The theory that the continents were once joined and then slowly drifted apart.

Back 9

Continental Drift

Front 10

All the physical process that create many of the Earth's physical features.

Back 10

Plate Tetonics

Front 11

When the plates spread apart ____ is pushed up from the mantle and ridges are formed.

Back 11

Magma

Front 12

The heavier sea plate divides beneath the lighter continental plate.

Back 12

Subduction

Front 13

Pieces of the earhs crust come together slowly as the sea plate slides under the continental plate.

Back 13

Accretion

Front 14

Sea plates that are pulled appart.

Back 14

Spreading

Front 15

Bends in layers of rock.

Back 15

Fold

Front 16

Cracks in the Earths crust.

Back 16

Fault

Front 17

Occurs when folded land cannot be bent any further.

Back 17

Faulting

Front 18

Breaks down rocks.

Back 18

Weathering

Front 19

Wears away the Earths surface by wind, glaciers, and moving water.

Back 19

Erosion

Front 20

When glaciers melt and recide, in some places they leave behind large piles of rock and debris.

Back 20

Moraine

Front 21

Is the name of this regular movement of water.

Back 21

Water Cycle

Front 22

Large bodies of ice that move across the Earths surface.

Back 22

Glaciers

Front 23

Is the changing of liquid water into vapor, or gas.

Back 23

Evaporation

Front 24

When warm air cools, it cannot retain all of its water vapor so the excess water vapor changes into liquid water.

Back 24

Condensation

Front 25

Rain, snow, or sleet; depending on climate

Back 25

Precipitation

Front 26

Turning ocean water into fresh water by removing the salt.

Back 26

Desalation

Front 27

Fresh water that lies beneath the Earths surface, comes from rain and melted snow that filter through the soil and from water that seeps into the ground from lakes and rivers.

Back 27

Ground Water

Front 28

An underground porous rock layer often saturated by very slow flows of water.

Back 28

Aquifier

Front 29

The big continent before the continental drift pulled it appart into 7 different continents.

Back 29

Pangea

Front 30

In the Pasific Ocean; in this area, it has the most earth quakes and volcanoes in the world.

Back 30

Ring of Fire

Front 31

The breaking down of rocks.

Back 31

Physical Weathering

Front 32

The changing form of rocks (ex. rust).

Back 32

Chemical Weathering

Front 33

Are small bodies that orbit the sun.

Back 33

Dwarf Planets

Front 34

Because they have solid, rocky crusts and support life (ex. Earth)

Back 34

Terrestial Planets

Front 35

They are more gasesous and less dense than terrestial planets even tho they are larger in diameter. (ex. Jupiter)

Back 35

Gas Giant Planets

Front 36

Are small irregularly shaped planet like objects.

Back 36

Asteroid

Front 37

Made of icy dust particles and frozen gasses look like bright balls with long feather like tails.

Back 37

Comets

Front 38

Chuncks of rock and iron.

Back 38

Space Debris

Front 39

Located in the himilayas and is the highest mountain.

Back 39

Mt. Everest

Front 40

Shore of the dead sea is the lowest dry points on Earth; saltiest body of water.

Back 40

Dead Sea