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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
both the endocrine an nervous system assume a role in maintaing ______
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homeostasis
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nervous and endocrine systems act as a coordinated interlocking super system
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neuroendocrine system
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2 kinds of gland in the body
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endocrine and exocrine
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secrete their products into ducts and the ducts carry their secretion to the target site
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exocrine gland
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secrete their products (hormones) into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells from which they diffuse into capillaries to be carried away by drugs
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endocrine glands
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constitute the endocrine system and include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands
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endocrine glands
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secretions of endocrine glands
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hormones
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1) help regulate the internal environment
2) respond to stress 3) integrate growth and development (biological clock) 4) contribute to reproductive processes 5) regulate organic metabolism and energy balance |
actions of hormones
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hormones that travel in blood and act on a distant target cells
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circulating hormones (endocrines)
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hormones that act locally w/o first entering the blood stream
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local hormones
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local hormones that act on neighboring cells
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paracrines
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local hormones that act on the same cells that secrete them
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autocrine
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hormone where recpetor port is on the inside, it's derived from cholesterol, hydrophobic and are always bound to carriers, includes steroids, thyroid hormones, and nitric oxide
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lipid soluble hormone
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hormones, can be stored, including amines, peptides, proteins, and glycoproteins and eicosanoids
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water soluble hormones
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hormones affect specific
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target cells
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specific protein or glycoprotein where the hormones bind on target cells
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receptor
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# of receptors =
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receptor density
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response to a hormone depends on both the ____ and the ____
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hormone; target cell
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action of a lipid soluble hormone
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make a new protein
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modifies an inactive protien, does not get inside of cell
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action of a water soluble protein
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hormone released from an endocrine gland that circulates in the blood, reaches a target cell, binds to the receptor and brings a specific message to that cell
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first messenger
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typical second messenger
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cylic AMP
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3 types of hormonal interactions
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permissive, synergistic, antagonistic
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2nd hormone strengthens effect of 1st hormone
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permissive
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2 hormones acting together
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synergistic
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2 hormones with opposite effects
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antagonistic
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most often, _______ regulate hormonal secretions
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negative feedback systems
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overactive hormones
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hyposecretion
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underactive hormones
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hypersecretion
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_____ regulates _______ (glands)
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hypothalamus; pituitary
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regualte growth development metabolism and homeostasis
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hypothalamus and pituitary glans
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major integrating link between the nervous and endocrine systems
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hypothalamus
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hormones of the ____ are regulated by releasing or inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus
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anterior pituitary
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blood supply to the anterior pituitary is from the ______
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superior hypophyseal arteries
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hormones made by the hypothalamus and stred in the posterior lobe of the pituitary are ______ and ________
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oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone
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