Chapter 18 Biology

Front 1

taxonomy

Back 1

the branch of biology that names and groups organisms according to their characteristics and evolutionary history.

Front 2

species name (scientific name)

Back 2

2 parts, 1. Genus 2. species identifier

Front 3

species identifier

Back 3

usually a descriptive word. second part of the species name.

Front 4

binomial nomenclature

Back 4

system of 2-part names

Front 5

varieties

Back 5

subsets

Front 6

subspecies

Back 6

variations of a species that occur in different geographic areas.

Front 7

phylogeny

Back 7

evolutionary history of an organism used to classify them.

Front 8

systematics

Back 8

organizes the tremendous diversity of living things in the context of evolution.

Front 9

phylogenetic tree

Back 9

a family tree that shows the evolutionary relationships thought to exist amoung groups of organisms.

Front 10

blastula

Back 10

a ball of cells.

Front 11

blastopore

Back 11

developes on the outside of the blastula, developes into the digestive system. usually becomes the anterior end (mouth)

Front 12

echinoderms

Back 12

starfish and sand dollars. blastopore becomes the posterior end of the digestive system.

Front 13

cladistics

Back 13

use certain features of organisms called shared derived characteristics to establish evolutionary relationships.

Front 14

derived characteristic

Back 14

a feature that apparently evolved only within the group under consideration. exp: birds, feathers.

Front 15

cladograms

Back 15

ancestry diagrams made by means of cladistic analysis.

Front 16

kingdome arcaebacteria

Back 16

members are unicellular prokaryotes with distinctive cell membranes as well as biochemical and genetic properties that differ from all other kinds of life.

Front 17

eubacteria

Back 17

unicellular prokaryotes. eu meaning true.

Front 18

kingdom eubacteria

Back 18

most of the bacteria that effects our lives. causes milk to turn to yogert, teeth to decay, and cause food poisoning.

Front 19

kingdom protista

Back 19

eukaryotic, mostly single-celled organisms. some species exist as multicellular organisms.

Front 20

kingdom fungi

Back 20

heterotrophic unicellular and multicellular eukaryotic organisms.

Front 21

kingdom plantae

Back 21

multicellular plants most have sexual cycle based on meiosis and most live on land.

Front 22

kingdom animalia

Back 22

eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophic organisms.

Front 23

domains

Back 23

living things fall into 3 broad groups.

Front 24

domain archaea

Back 24

known in the 6 kingdom system as kingdom archaebacteria.

Front 25

domain bacteria

Back 25

is known in the 6 kingdom system as the kingdom eubacteria

Front 26

domain eukarya

Back 26

consists of the protists, the fungi, and the plants and animals. have a true nuclei linear chromosomes and membrand bound organelles