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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mutagens alter DNA how? Disrupting paring.... |
Disrupting paring through modification of nucleotide structures |
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Mutagens alter DNA: how do they modify the nucleotide structure? |
Notrous acid de-aminates bases so that modified bases do not pair with appropriate nucleotide |
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Mutagens alter DNA: how? Ionizing radiation... |
Ionizing radiation has high energy and can penetrate DNA to create free radicals. |
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Mutagens alter DNA: what types of waveforms from ionizing radiation cause mutagens? |
X rays and Gamma rays |
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Mutagens alter DNA: X rays and Gamma rays do what specifically to DNA? |
They cause base deletions or breaks in 1 or both DNA strands |
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Mutagens alter DNA: Nonionizing radiation... |
Nonionizing radiation has less energy and can only penetrate the surface |
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Mutagens alter DNA: What types on nonionizing radiation cause mutagens? |
UV rays |
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Mutages alter DNA: nonionizing radation caused by UV rays does what? |
cause formation of thymine dimer causing gaps or incorporation of incorrect bases |
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DNA Repair: What does it mean? |
All living organisms must have the ability to repair changes that occur in DNA in order to minimize mutation |
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DNA Repair requires (2) |
DNA damage to be detected. Repair of DNA damage |
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Repair enzyme does what? (2) |
recognizes incorrect structure in DNA and corrects it. |
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Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER). How common? |
Most common DNA repair system. |
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NER : How does it work? |
Region encompassing several nucleotides in the damaged strand is removed from the DNA |
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NER : Does it replace what it takes out? |
Yes, intact undamaged strand is used as a template for re-synthesis of a normal complementary strand |