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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Function of the pituitary gland |
The primary function is to secrete hormones that control the activity of other endocrine glands |
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
stimulates the growth and secretions of the adrenal cortex |
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Follicle-stimulating hormone |
stimulates the secretion of estrogen and the growth of ova |
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growth hormone |
aka somatotropic hormone, regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues |
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Lactogenic hormone |
aka prolactin, stimulates and maintains the secretion of breast milk in the mother after childbirth |
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Melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
increases the production of melanin in melanocytes, thereby causing darkening of skin pigmentation |
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thyroid-stimulating hormone |
stimulates the secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland |
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antidiuretic hormone |
which is secreted by the hypothalamus and stored and released int he pituitary gland, helps control blood pressure by reducing the amount of water that is excreted through the kidneys |
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Oxytocin |
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth |
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Pineal gland |
is a very small endocrine gland, aka pineal body. It is located in the central portion of the brain |
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Secretion of the pineal gland |
The secretions influence the sleep-wakefullness cycle |
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Melatonin |
influences the sleep-wakefulness portions of the cicardian cycle |
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Calcitionin |
which is produced by the thyroid gland, is a hormone that works with the parathyroid gland to decrease calcium levels in the blood and tissues by moving calcium into storage in the bones and teeth |
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Functions of the parathyroid gland |
the primary function is to regulate calcium levels throughout the body |
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Pancreatic Islets |
are those parts of the pancreas that have endocrine functions |
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Function of the Pancreatic Islet |
are the control of blood sugar levels and glucose metabolism throughout the body |
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Glucose |
aka blood sugar, which is the basic form of energy used by the body |
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Aldosterone |
is a corticosteroid that regulates the salt and water levels in the body by increasing sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion by the kidneys |
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Gonads |
are gamete-producing glands. these are ovaries in females and testicles in males |
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Estrogen |
is a hormone secreted by the ovaries that is important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and in regulation of the menstrual cycle |
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Progesterone |
is the hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle by the corpus luteum in the ovary |
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Gamete |
is a reproductive cell |
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Testosterone |
is a steroid hormone secreted by the testicles and the adrenal cortex to stimulate the development of male secondary sex characteristics |
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Anabolic steroids |
are man-made substances that are chemically related to male sex hormones |
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Leptin |
is a protein hormone secreted by fat cells that is involved in the regulation of appetite |
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Acromegaly |
is a rare chronic disease characterized by abnormal enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty |
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Gigantism |
is abnormal growth of the entire body that is caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone before puberty |
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Thyroid storm |
aka thyrotoxic crisis, is a relatively rare, life threatening condition caused by exaggerated hyperthyroidism. |
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Diabetic coma |
is caused by very high blood sugar hyperglycemia. aka Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
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Insulin shock |
is caused by very low blood sugar hypoglycemia |
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Addison's disease |
occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone |
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Pheochromocytoma |
is a rare, benign tumor of the adrenal gland that causes too much release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are the hormones that regulate heart rate and blood pressure |
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Cushing's syndrome |
aka hypercortisolism, is caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol. "RED MOON FACE" |
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Radioactive iodine uptake test |
uses radioactive iodine administered orally to measure thyroid function |
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Fasting blood sugar test |
aka fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test, measures the glucose levels after the patient has not eaten for 8 to 12 hours |
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antithyroid drug |
is a medication administered to slow the ability of the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones |
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Lobectomy |
is the surgical removal of one lobe of the thyroid gland |
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Cortisone |
aka hydrocortisone, is the synthetic equivalent of corticosteroids produced by the body |