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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomy |
Is the study of the structure of the human body |
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Physiology |
Is the study of body function |
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Gross Anatomy |
- Gross = Large - Is the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye - Ex. Bones, lungs, muscles |
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What is an important technique for studying gross anatomy? |
- Dissection ("cut apart") - Connective tissue is removed from between the body organs so that the organs can be seen more clearly |
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Regional Anatomy |
- All structures in a single body region, such as the abdomen or head, are examined as a group - Medical school approach |
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Systemic Anatomy |
- All the organs with related functions are studied together - College approach |
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Surface Anatomy |
The study of shapes and markings (called landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveals the underlying organs |
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Microscopic Anatomy? Histology? |
- Histology ("tissue study") - Is the study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope |
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Developmental Anatomy |
Traces the changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging |
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Embryology |
Is the study of how body structures form and develop before birth |
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Pathological Anatomy |
- Pathology is the study of disease - Deals with the structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease |
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Radiographic Anatomy |
Is the study of internal body structures by means of X-ray studies and other imaging techniques |
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Functional Morphology |
Explores the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design |
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The Hierarchy of Structural Organization |
Chemical Level Cellular Level Tissue Level Organ Level Organ Sytem Level Organismal Level |
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Anatomical Position |
- A person stands erect with feet flat on the ground, toes pointing forward, and eyes facing forward - The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body |
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Regional Terms |
are names of specific body areas |
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The fundamental divisions of the body? |
-Axial Region makes up the main axis of the body, consists of the head, neck, and trunk - Appendicular Region consists of the limbs, which are also called appendages or extremities |
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Frontal (coronal) Plane |
Extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts |
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Transverse (horizontal) Plane |
- Runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts - Also called a cross section |
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Sagittal Planes |
Are vertical, like frontal planes, but divide the body into right and left parts |
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Median Plane or Midsagittal Plane |
The specific sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline |
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Parasagittal |
All other sagittal planes, offset from the midline |
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Oblique Section |
Cuts made along any plane that lies diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical |
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How many cells make up the human? |
- 100 trillion cells - 210 distinctive cell types |
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What basic features do all vertebrates share? |
1. Tube-within-a-tube body plan 2. Bilateral symmetry 3. Dorsal hollow nerve cord 4. Notochord and Vertebrate 5. Segmentation 6. Pharyngeal Pouches |
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Humans belong to the group of animals called? |
Vertebrates |
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Microscopy |
is the examination of small structures with a microscope |