Cep 261 Exam 4

Front 1

Gateway Drug

Back 1

drug whose use leads to the use of other drugs; alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana

Front 2

Cannabis sativa

Back 2

biological species name for the variety of hemp plant known as marijuana

Front 3

Sinsemilla

Back 3

meaning without seeds, this marijuana is made from the buds and flowering tops of females plants and is one of the most potent types

Front 4

Hashish

Back 4

sticky resin from the female plant flowers, which has an average THC level of 3.6% but can contain as much as 28%

Front 5

Subjective euphoric effects

Back 5

ongoing social and psychological experiences incurred while intoxicated with marijuana

Front 6

Differential association

Back 6

process by which individuals become socialized into the perceptions and values of a group

Front 7

Amotivational syndrome

Back 7

a beliefe that heavy use of marijuana causes a lack of motivation and reduced productivity

Front 8

Medical marijuana use

Back 8

use of the THC in cannabis as a drug to calm or to relieve symptoms of an illness

Front 9

Glaucoma

Back 9

potentially blinding eye disease causing continual and increasing intraocular pressure

Front 10

Marinol

Back 10

FDA approved THC in capsule form

Front 11

Altered perceptions

Back 11

changes in the interpretation of stimuli resulting from marijuana

Front 12

Munchies

Back 12

hunger experienced while under the effects of marijuana

Front 13

Anandamide

Back 13

possible neurotransmitter acting at the marijuana receptor

Front 14

Aphrodisiac

Back 14

a compound that is believed to be the cause of sexual arousal

Front 15

2 Body signs/symptoms of marijuana use

Back 15

1. a sweet odor similar to burnt rope in room, clothes, etc.
2. seeds or leaves in pockets or possession

Front 16

2 Mind signs/symptoms of marijuana use

Back 16

1. eye drops: for disguising red eyes
2. excessive laughter

Front 17

3 short term dangers of smoking marijuana

Back 17

1. impaired memory and ability to learn
2. difficulty thinking and problem solving
3. anxiety attacks or feelings of paranoia

Front 18

California

Back 18

-state proposition 215 made medical marijuana legal 10 years ago
-LA has the most dispensaries, although San Francisco has the most per capita

Front 19

Mexico

Back 19

-congress passed a law legalizing small amounts of drugs; however, the president never signed it into effect
-but law enforcements tend to look the other way when it comes to small quantities of pot

Front 20

Vancouver

Back 20

-know as "Vansterdam" for its leniency
-medical marijuana is legal, and possession of up to 15 grams is a minor offense
-tourists can book pot-themed tours

Front 21

3 types of chronic damage caused by marijuana

Back 21

1. chromosomal damage
2. cerebral atrophy (shrinking of the brain)
3. lowered capacity of white blood cells to fight disease

Front 22

AOD

Back 22

alcohol & other drugs

Front 23

Drug prevention

Back 23

preventing or decreasing health problems, which includes social and personal problems, caused by drug dependency

Front 24

Protective factors

Back 24

factors associated with preventing the potential for drug abuse such as self control, parental monitoring, academic competence, anti-drug use policies, and strong neighborhood attachment

Front 25

Risk factors

Back 25

drug prevention is aimed at reducing risk factors, such as early aggressive behavior, lack of parental super-vision, the lure of gang membership, drug availability, and poverty

Front 26

Primary drug prevention programs

Back 26

the very broad range of activities aimed at reducing the risk of drug use among nonusers and assurimg continued nonuse

Front 27

Secondary drug prevention programs

Back 27

targeting at-risk groups, experimenters, and early-abuse populations to reverse the progression of abusive behaviors, similar to "early intervention"

Front 28

Tertiary drug prevention programs

Back 28

intervention at an advanced stage of drug abuse; basically the same as drug abuse treatment

Front 29

Harm reduction model

Back 29

a society-wide approach to drug use and/or abuse that focuses on reducing the harm experienced by the drug use and/or abuser as well as the harm to society

Front 30

ATOD

Back 30

alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs

Front 31

Scare tactic approach

Back 31

drug prevention information based on emphasizing the extreme negative effects of drug use- scaring the audience of potential and current drug users/abusers into not using drugs

Front 32

Information-only awareness model

Back 32

assumes that teaching about the harmful effects of drugs will change attitudes about use and abuse

Front 33

Attitude change model or affective education model

Back 33

assumes that people use drugs because of lack of self-esteem

Front 34

Social influences model

Back 34

assumes that drug users lack resistance skills

Front 35

Ecological or person-in-environment model

Back 35

stresses that changes in the environment change people's attitudes about drugs

Front 36

The BACCHUS network

Back 36

a national and international association of college and university peer education programs focused on alcohol abuse prevention and other related student health and safety issues

Front 37

DARE (drug abuse resistance education)

Back 37

drug education programs presented in elementary and junior high schools nationwide by police officers

Front 38

Drug court

Back 38

court designed to focus on treatment programs and options in place of punishment for drug offenses

Front 39

Alternative approach

Back 39

an approach emphasizing the exploration of positive alternatives to drug abuse, cased on replacing the pleasurable feelings gained from drug abuse with involvement in social and education activities

Front 40

Meditation

Back 40

a state of consciousness in which there is a constant level of awareness focusing on one object; for example, yoga and Zen Buddhism

Front 41

Open meetings

Back 41

meetings to which anyone having an interest in attending and witnessing is invited

Front 42

Closed meetings

Back 42

meetings to which only alcoholics having a serious desire to completely stop drinking are invited

Front 43

Minnesota model

Back 43

a major model in the treatment of alcohol and drug abuse, involving a month-long stay in an inpatient rehabilitation facility, a multidisciplinary treatment team, systematic assessment, and a formal treatment plan with long - and short - term goals

Front 44

Therapeutic community

Back 44

drug-free residential settings that use a hierarchial model with treatment stages that reflect increased levels of responsibility

Front 45

Agonist

Back 45

a type of substance that activates a receptor

Front 46

Antagonist

Back 46

a drug that blocks another drug from producing its effects

Front 47

Any 2 principles established by NIDA for effective addiction treatment

Back 47

1. No single treatment is appropriate for all individuals: treatment settings, interventions, and services must be matched up to each individual's particular problems and needs

2. Treatment needs to be readily available: addicts are often uncertain about whether to seek treatment; hence, it is crucial that services be available as soon as an individual decides to seek help for his or her addiction. Opportunities for treatment can be lost if it is not immediately available or is not readily accessible.

Front 48

List of general therapeutic strategies

Back 48

Medical detoxification
Out-patient drug-free treatment
Short-term residential programs
Long-term residential programs
Treatment criminal justice

Front 49

Medical detoxification

Back 49

-individuals are systematically withdrawn from drugs

-designed to treat the acute physiological effects of detoxification- not the psychological

Front 50

Out-patient drug-free treatment

Back 50

-often more suitable for individuals who are employed or have extensive family and/or community support

-intensity varies

-groups counseling is emphasized

Front 51

Short-term residential programs

Back 51

-provide relatively brief treatment based on a modified 12-step program

-originally designed to treat alcoholism, but now have been used for other addictions

-reduced healthcare insurance has resulted in a diminshed number of these programs

Front 52

Long-term residential programs

Back 52

-provide care 24 hrs/day, generally in non-hospital settings

-best known is the 'therapeutic community'

-typical patient has more severe problems

-6-12 months stay, highly structured and can be confrontational

focuses on resocialization of the individual

Front 53

Treating criminal justice

Back 53

-research has shown that combining drug treatment with criminal justive sanctions can decrease drug use and related crime

-individuals under legal coercion tend to stay in treatment for longer

Front 54

List of specific therapeutic strategies

Back 54

Relapse prevention
The Matrix model
Supportive-exptressive psychotherapy
Individualized drug counseling
Motivational enhaced therapy (MET)
Community reinforcement approach plus vouchers

Front 55

Relapse prevention

Back 55

-based on theory that learning processes play a critical role in the development of maladaptive behavioral patterns

-patients learn to identify and correct problematic behaviors

Front 56

The Matrix model

Back 56

-framework for engaging stimulant abusers in treatment with the goal of abstinence

-monitored by urine sampling

Front 57

Supportive-expressive psychotherapy

Back 57

-time-limited, focused psychotherapy that has been adapted for heroin and cocaine-addicted individuals

1. supportive techniques to help patients feel comfortable in discussing personal experiences
2. expressive techniques to help patients identify and work through interpersonal relationship issues

Front 58

Individualized drug counseling

Back 58

-weekly/biweekly sessions, counselor helps develop coping strategies and tools for achieving na dmaintaining abstinence

-12 step participation often encouraged

Front 59

Motivational Enhanced Therapy (MET)

Back 59

-helps clients resolve ambivalence about engaging in treatment and discontinuing drug use

Front 60

Community reinforcement approach plus vouchers

Back 60

-intensive, 24 week outpatient therapy, used for cocaine addiction

-achieve abstinence long enough for learn life skills

-recieve and exchange vouchers of retail value for clean tests