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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Prokaryotes Cells
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Cells that have no nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles
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Organelles
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Cell components that perform particular functions
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Eukaryotic Cells
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Cells that contain membrane-bound intracellular organelles, including a nucleus
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Schleiden & Schwann
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these scientists developed the cell theory
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Cell Theory
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All living things are made up of one or more cells, Cells are the basic units of life, All cells come from pre-existing cells
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Mitochondria
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Organelles that make energy available to the cell
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Endocytic Vesicles
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These form when the plasma membrane surrounds a molecule outside the membrane then releases a membrane-bound sack containing the desired molecule into the cytoplasm. This allows the cell to absorb things that cannot pass through the cell membrane.
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Microvilli
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Projections of the cell extending from the cell membrane. They increase surface area available to absirb nutrients
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Cytoskeleton
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Provides structural support to a cell
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Microtubules
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Long, hollow, cylindrical protein filaments, which give structure to a cell.
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Microfilaments
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Double-stranded chains of proteins which assist in giving structure to the cell. Works with Microtubules to form the cytoskeleton
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Centrioles
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Structural component of the cell. Microtubules arranged in a pinwheel shape that actually form new microtubules.
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Ribosomes
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the site of protein synthesis within a cell (Free & Attached)
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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A large organization of folded membranes which is responsible for the delivery of lipids and proteins to the cytoplasm (Rough & Smooth)
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Golgi Apparatus
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This organelle is instrumental in storing, packing, and shipping of proteins to different parts of the cell
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Lysomes
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These organelles digest unused material within the cell
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Cell Wall, Chloroplast, Central Vacuole
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Three plant cell organelles not found in animal cells
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Passive Transport, Active Transport, Facilitated Diffusion
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Three methods through which substances can cross the cell membrane
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Passive Transport
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Method in which substances can pass through the cell membrane without the cell expending any energy
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Active Transport
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Method in which substances can pass through the cell membrane that requires the cell to expending energy
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Facilitated Diffusion
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Method in which substances can pass through the cell membrane that does not require added energy, but cannot occur without the help of specialized proteins
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Endocytosis
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Process whereby large molecules are engulfed in a pocket of cell membrane and absorbed into the cell
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Catalyst
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A substance that lowers the activation energy of a reaction
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Enzymes
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These are synthesized at the ribosomes, just like all proteins
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Photolysis
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The light, decomposition reaction of photosynthesis
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CO2 Fixation
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The dark reaction of photosynthesis
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Glycolosis
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The breaking down of the glucose into smaller carbon-containing molecules yielding ATP
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Glycolosis
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the first step of all cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm
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Anaerobic
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Glycolosis is a(n) …………reaction
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Krebs Cycle & Electron Transport
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Aerobic respiration begins with glycolosis and proceeds through these two steps…
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Krebs Cycle
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This portion of aerobic respiration oocurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and breaks down pyruvic acid molecules into CO2, H+, and 2 ATP molecules
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Fermentation
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Anaerobic respiration is also called….
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