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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The most commonly used media to culture bacteria in the laboratory is_____
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nutrient media
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Nutrient media is easily prepared by adding ____ extract and peptone (amino acids) to distilled water.
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beef cell
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______media are those which contain most of the nutrients that cells need to grow and reproduce.
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complex
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_________ media on the other hand, is made by adding specific nutrients in exact quantities to distilled water.
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chemically defined
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Nutrient media can be used as a liquid in which case it is called_________
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broth
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______are of interest to microbiologists because they include most human pathogens and symbionts.
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chemoheterotrophic bacteria
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Clinical specimens usually contain a mixture of________
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bacterial species
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Bacteriologists will start the identification of bacteria by using a group of _______ media.
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primary identifying
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________media contain additional nutrients that are added to a minimum essential media (MEM) such as nutrient agar.
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enriched
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______heterotrophs are "picky eaters" and will not grow very well in the laboratory unless the specific nutrients are added to media.
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fastidious
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The type of enriched media we will use today is called______ agar.
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blood
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_________media contains specific chemicals that are added to MEM.
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selective
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The types of selective media we will use to day include Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol and ____________agar.
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mannitol salt
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Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol will be used to select_________ bacteria that may be found in a patient's specimen.
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gram positive
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Mannitol salts agar will be used to select a specific genera of ______ bacteria.
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gram positive
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_____media contains specific indicator chemicals which are added to MEM.
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differential
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The types of differential media that we will use today include Eosin-Methylene Blue agar and _______agar`
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MacConkey's
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Eosin-Methylene Blue agar can be used to detect the presence of ______ that may be found in a patient's specimen.
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escherichia coli
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Colonies of Escherichia coli can be recognized because of the _____ sheen they posses when grown on EMB.
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metallic green
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MacConkey's agar contains the dye_________and bile salts which are substances that inhibits the growth of Gram positive bacteria.
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crystal violet
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________and the dye, neutral red( red when acidic) are indicators of bacterial fermentation.
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lactose
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Most______ do not produce acid from lactose fermentation, and therefore their colonies appear pink instead of red.
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intestinal pathogens
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Nutrients that are absorbed by bacteria can be used in a variety of different types of _________ reactions.
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biochemical
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When nutrients are used to build more complex molecules in a cell the process is called_______.
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anabolism
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If absorbed nutrients are used as a source of energy to fuel the activities of a cell the process is called_________.
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catabolism
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During aerobic cellular respiration sugars such as _______ are oxidized completely to CO2 and H2O
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glucose
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As the oxidation of sugars proceeds, energy is released from the ________ that held the atoms together in the sugar.
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bonds
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Fermentation is a ____ biochemical process that certain bacteria can use for the modification of nutrients.
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catabolic
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Fermentation is an anaerobic biochemical pathway that requires certain enzymes and the anbsence of ________, a component of air.
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molecular oxygen
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During fermentation,_______is converted into a number of different products including lactic acid and ethanol.
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pyruvic acid
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Fermentation may also result in the production of certain gases including_________.
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carbon dioxide
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________tubes (fermentation) contain a medium made of nnutrient broth, a sugar, and pH indicator.
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Durham
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A_____color in these tubes indicates a lack of fermentation of the sugar but use of other components in the medium.
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red
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A_______color in these tubes indicates that the fermentation of the sugar with the production of acid has occurred.
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yellow
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A______in the small inner tube after the incubation period indicates the production of gas.
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gas bubble
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Each of these traits are helpful in the___________of certain bacteria.
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identification
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The IMVIC test is used to identify_____ rods that are suspected of being Enterics (intestinal bacteria).
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gram negative
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The IMVIC test consists of four separate parts- The Indole Test, The voges-proskaur test, the _____test, and the citrate utilization test.
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methyl red
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Each species in the family of bacteria is called_________ gives a characteristic response to the four IMVIC tests.
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Enterobacteriaceae
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Among the bacteria that are called enterics are Escherichia coli and ___________ species (normal intestinal organisms).
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enterobacter
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One section of the IMVIC tests measures the production of indoles from the amino acid, ________.
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tryptophan
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Which IMVIC test measures the oxidation of glucose with the production of several acids?______
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methyl red
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One species that does produce sufficient_______ to change a pH indicator in the Methyl Red Test is Escherichia Coli.
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acid
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Organisms which do not produce organic acids often produce_________.
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2,3 butanediol
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Not all organisms are able to ferment citrate as their sole______source.
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carbon
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The ability of an organism to use citrate is dependent on the presence of citrate______ which facilitates the transport of citrate into the cell.
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permease
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The TSI test is a quick way to determine the presence of _________.
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Enterobacteriaceae
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All of the bacteria in question # 1 are gram__________ organisms which ferment glucose.
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negative
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The TSI test determines the ability of bacteria in this group to also ferment_______ and/or sucrose and to produce Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
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lactose
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___________ and ferrous sulfate serve as indicators of acid and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production respectively.
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phenol red
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When glucose is fermented by an organism the entire tube becmoes________(acidic).
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yellow
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Bacteria metabolizing aerobically, oxidize peptones ( short chains of amino acids) in the medium to ______ amines (red).
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basic
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The production of ________ will occur in the acidic and anaerobic stab part of the tube if bacteria are capable of this reaction.
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hydrogen sulfide
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____ color develops when ferric sulfide is produces during this reaction.
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black
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