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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Allergic salute?
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a. Crease in nasal bridge, characteristic of upward nose rubbing.
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2. What are allergic “shiners” caused by?
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a. Nasal mucosal oedema interfering w/venous drainage resulting in venous pooling under the eye.
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3. Rhinitis
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a. Inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
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4. Sinusitis?
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a. Mucous membrane inflammation of a sinus cavity.
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5. How can CSF leak be distinguished?
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a. By demonstrating glucose in the fluid.
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6. How is allergic rhinitis usually diagnosed?
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a. History and exam alone!
b. Eosinophils in a Hansel stain of nasal drainage support the diagnosis. c. Allergy testing may be helpful in pts w/severe symptoms. |
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7. Vasomotor rhinitis?!?
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a. Symptoms similar to allergic rhinitis but more related to weather changes, physical stimuli, or emotion in pts lacking atopic histories or nasal smear eosinophilia.
b. Requires no treatment. c. However, a topical antihistamine such as azelastine (Astelin) may be helpful in older children. |
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8. Principal tx in allergic rhinitis?
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a. Allergen avoidance.
b. If it can’t be avoided, antihistamines may control symptoms. |
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9. Most commonly used paediatric decongestant?
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a. Pseudoephedrine.
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10. SE of Pseudoephedrine?
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a. HTN
b. Agitation c. Insomnia d. Occasionally hallucinations |
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11. Use of Afrin (topical decongestant)?
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a. Useful initially for significant obstruction, but should only be used for a few days at a time bc chronic use leads to rebound oedema (rhinitis medicamentosa).
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12. Are Nasal steroids effective for treatment of allergic rhinitis?
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a. Yes
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13. SE of Nasal steroids for allergic rhinitis?
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a. Epistaxis
b. Irritation c. Burning d. In general, nasal steroids are well tolerated. Little or no systemic effect is expected. |
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14. Unilateral purulent nasal discharge, think?
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a. Foreign body.
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15. Complication of chronic inflammation of allergic rhinitis and chronic sinusitis?
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a. Nasal polyps.
b. But a child who is <10-12 w/polyps should be tested for CF. |
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16. Prevalence of nasal polyps in CF pts?
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a. 25%
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17. Kartagener syndrome symptoms?
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1. Situs inversus
2. Chronic sinusitis/otitis media 3. Airway disease. |
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18. Confirmation test for Kartagener syndrome?
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a. Cilia electron microscopy
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19. What does a positive NBT test suggest?
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a. Phagocytic defect.
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20. What does a low total immunoglobulin suggest?
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a. Humoral Immunodeficiency.
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21. Most common paediatric sarcoma?
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a. Rhabdomyosarcoma.
b. Approx. ½ of these are located in the head/neck region |
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22. How does rhabdomyosarcoma typically present?
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a. Sometimes tender mass, causing symptoms from normal structure displacement.
b. When arising from nasal tissue, it can obstruct the nares and extend into the skull (causing cranial nerve involvement). |
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23. Note: Attempting to remove a fleshy nasal mass in the office is NOT appropriate!!!!!
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23. Note: Attempting to remove a fleshy nasal mass in the office is NOT appropriate!!!!!
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