Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
holosystolic murmur?
|
mitral regurg
VSD |
|
how is mitral regurge different from VSD?
|
high pitched, blowign
loudest at apex |
|
pulsus parvus et tardus?
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
midsystolic click, late systolic murmur?
|
mitral prolapse
|
|
wide pulse pressure?
|
aortic regurg
3rd degree block (slower heart rate causes increase in SV) |
|
high pitched blowing diastolic murmur?
|
aortic regurg
|
|
opening snap, late diastolic rumble?
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
what gets louder with inspiration?
|
tricuspid stenosis
|
|
loudest at the time of S2?
|
PDA
|
|
continuous, machine-like murmur?
|
PDA
|
|
transmural infarct is indicated by what on EKG?
|
ST elevation
Q waves |
|
distant heart sounds?
|
tamponade
pericarditis |
|
pulsus paradoxus?
|
tamponade
pericarditis |
|
serous pericarditis is caused by?
|
lupus
rheumatoid arthritis uremia infection |
|
fibrinous pericarditis is caused by?
|
MI
uremia rheumatic fever |
|
hemorrhagic pericarditis is caused by?
|
TB
malignancy (ex. melanoma) |
|
boot-shaped on X-ray?
|
Tetralogy of Fallot
|
|
best heard at left sternal border?
|
aortic regurg
|
|
Widened pulse pressure?
|
aortic regurg
3rd degree block severe anemia |
|
ASD
|
loud S1
wide, fixed split S2 |
|
most common congenital cardiac anomaly
|
VSD
|
|
what does low oxygen tension do to the ductus arteriosus?
|
maintain patency
|
|
what causes nonbacterial/marantic endocarditis?
|
metastasis or renal failure
|
|
subcutaneous nodules?
|
rheumatic fever
rheumatoid arthritis |
|
electrical alternans?
|
cardiac tamponade
|
|
what can lead to DIC?
|
amniotic fluid emboli
|
|
what can embolize to the CNS?
|
myxomas
|
|
rheumatic heart disease can cause...
|
mitral regurg or mitral stenosis
|
|
what murmurs give you an S3?
|
mitral regurg
aortic regurg |
|
what murmurs cause LVH?
|
aortic stenosis AND mitral regurg
|
|
greatly elevated L atrial pressure towards end of systole?
|
mitral regurg
|
|
what's endocardial fibroelastosis?
|
restrictive heart disease in children
|
|
what's endomyocardial fibrosis (Loffler's)?
|
restrictive heart disease
|
|
risk 4-10 days post MI?
risk 3-5 days post MI? |
rupture
fibrinous pericarditis |
|
thallium 201 scan shows...
|
perfusion defects
|
|
troponin I time frame?
|
rises after 4 hours, elevated 7-10 days
|
|
what causes ST depression?
|
digoxin
non-transmural infarct |
|
when does neutrophil emigration occur?
|
2-4 days
|
|
pale infarcts occur in...
|
heart
kidney brain spleen |
|
"beads on a string" on radiograph?
|
fibromuscular dysplasia
|
|
what does chronic ischemic heart disease result in?
|
progressive onset CHF
(due to chronic myocardial damage) |
|
what is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death?
|
lethal arrhythmia
|
|
hyaline thickening is...
|
arteriosclerosis due to benign HTN
|
|
definition of HTN?
|
>140/90
|
|
essential HTN predisposes to___________
|
ischemic heart disease
|
|
22q11 syndromes are associated with...
|
trucus
tetralogy |
|
rubella is associated with...
|
septal defects
PDA |
|
diabetes is associated with...
|
transposition of the great vessels
|
|
what is infantile type coarctation?
|
preductal
associated with PDA |
|
what causes tetraloy?
|
anterior displacement of the infundibular septum
|
|
congenital heart disease more common in girls?
|
ASD
|
|
what is truncus arteriosus?
|
single large vessel overrides VSD
|
|
what does a bundle branch block cause on EKG?
|
wide QRS
|
|
defect in His-Purkinje?
|
Mobitz type II
|
|
what causes phase 3 rapid repolarization of the AP?
|
massive K efflux due to opening of slow K channels
|
|
where is the diastolic BP on the PV loop?
|
when the aortic valve opens
|
|
when does T wave repolarize in cardiac cycle?
|
reduced ejection
|
|
paradoxical splitting is associated with...
|
aortic stenosis
(inspiration causes DECREASED splitting of the second heart sound, and P before A) |
|
what causes decreases MSFP?
|
hemorrhage
spinal anesthesia (blocks sympathetic stimulation) |
|
what does an AV fistuala do?
|
decrease TPR and incrase MSFP
|
|
decreased TPR rotates...
|
clockwise
|
|
what forms a fistula?
|
penetrating wound
|
|
Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome?
|
autosomal dominant hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Mormons |
|
how is the ST elevation in MI different from in pericarditis?
|
in MI, ST elevation is followed by depression of the ST segment and QRS changes
|