Cardiac Review Test

Front 1

In _______ heart block, the atrial impulse never gets through and the ventricles develop their own independent rhythm

Back 1

third degree

Front 2

a dysrhythmia characterized by a heart rate between 100 to 150 beats per minute, but with a regular rhythm

Back 2

sinus tachycardia

Front 3

Prolonged constriction of the pulmonary artery results in

Back 3

pulmonary hypertension

Front 4

The heart is a double pump—the right side facilitates

Back 4

pulmonary circulation

Front 5

The left side of the heart is responsible for

Back 5

systemic circulation.

Front 6

Many clients with mitral valve prolapse are

Back 6

asymptomatic

Front 7

_______therapy typically is used for clients with heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy.

Back 7

Cardiac resynchronization

Front 8

An electrical device used to manage a chronic bradydysrhythmia

Back 8

Implanted pacemaker

Front 9

In atrial fibrillation, the rate is grossly irregular and the atrial rate is between

Back 9

400 to 600

Front 10

treatment for atrial fibrillation is

Back 10

cardioversion and drug therapy

Front 11

In atrial fibrillation the atrial conduction is fast and ventricle rate is between

Back 11

100-160

Front 12

Supraventricular tachycardia treatment includes

Back 12

Valsalva's maneuver,unilateral carotid massage,immersion of face in ice water, administration of IV adenosine, cardioversion, and radiofrequency ablation

Front 13

Treatment for Sinus bradycardia

Back 13

Atropine

Front 14

Reduces the radius of the myocardial tissue in the left ventricle and increases the ventricular wall tension

Back 14

Partial ventriculectomy

Front 15

____is computed by dividing the cardiac output by the body surface area of the client

Back 15

Cardiac index

Front 16

If the right side of the heart fails to pump efficiently, blood becomes congested in the

Back 16

neck veins.

Front 17

Distention of the external jugular vein usually indicates

Back 17

increased fluid volume and pressure in the right side of the heart.

Front 18

This treatment is given to clients with mitral stenosis

Back 18

balloon valvuloplasty

Front 19

____within 72 hours to detect mitral regurgitation, left ventricular dysfunction, or pronounced atrial-septal defect

Back 19

Echocardiogram

Front 20

sometimes necessary to manage transient bradydysrhythmias, such as those during acute MIs, after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or to override tachydysrhythmias

Back 20

transvenous pacemaker

Front 21

The greater the stretch of the myocardium as the ventricles fill with blood, the stronger is the ventricular contraction.

Back 21

This phenomenon is called Starling's law

Front 22

It can be compared to the effect created by stretching a rubber band. The more the rubber band is stretched, the greater the snap effect when it is released.

Back 22

This phenomenon is called Starling's law

Front 23

develops because the reduction in the volume capacity of the left ventricle during inspiration is greater, combined with an impaired ability of the left ventricle to expand because of the rigid pericardium

Back 23

Pulsus paradoxus

Front 24

What signs and symptoms should a nurse note for cardiac tamponade and decreased cardiac output in a client with pericarditis

Back 24

The nurse should note muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus, jugular neck vein distention, persistent cough, dyspnea, fainting or near-fainting, anxiety, and changes in pulmonary function

Front 25

Complications of valvulotomy include

Back 25

mitral regurgitation, residual atrial-septal defect, perforation of the left ventricle, embolization, and myocardial infarction

Front 26

What are the characteristics of normal sinus rhythm

Back 26

The SA node initiates the impulse. The impulse travels to the AV node in 0.12 to 0.2 seconds. The ventricles depolarize in 0.12 seconds

Front 27

_____ develop to compensate for the decreased cardiac output and volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute

Back 27

Tachydysrhythmias (fast abnormal heart rhythms)

Front 28

Why is it important for the nurse to weigh a client with mitral regurgitation

Back 28

determine changes in fluid balance

Front 29

Why are clients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome advised to restrict or eliminate alcohol intake

Back 29

Alcohol can suppress antidiuretic hormone, which leads to a loss of extracellular fluid

Front 30

Why does a nurse instruct a client with decreased cardiac output to maintain physical and emotional rest?

Back 30

Rest reduces tachycardia and may relieve the consequences of a tachydysrhythmia

Front 31

Clients recovering from cardiac surgery are at risk for ineffective tissue perfusion. The nurse ______ every hour

Back 31

encourages leg exercises

Front 32

leg exercises every hour when awake because _____propels venous blood toward the heart.

Back 32

contraction of skeletal leg muscles

Front 33

In dark-skinned clients, a grayish cast to the skin usually indicates _____

Back 33

pallor.

Front 34

After a cardiac catheterization, what should the nurse discuss with the client and family members

Back 34

Keep the extremity used for the catheterization straight and avoid movement for several hours

Front 35

What nursing interventions are required when caring for a client with a pulmonary embolus

Back 35

Maintain the client on bed rest. Administer prescribed anticoagulant therapy. Instruct the client to perform active leg exercises with the unaffected extremity

Front 36

a client with a pulmonary embolus monitor for

Back 36

dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, hypotension, abnormal lung sounds, or chest pain

Front 37

What assessment findings are typical in a client with Buerger's disease

Back 37

One or both feet are always cold. Some areas of the feet have numbness, burning, and tingling sensations. Intermittent claudication or leg cramps occur after exercise,

Front 38

Peripheral pulses are present during rest but diminish or disappear with activity related to this condition

Back 38

Buerger's disease

Front 39

What observations would the nurse expect when performing the physical examination of a client with aortic regurgitation

Back 39

Skin may be flushed and moist, especially in the upper body. The radial pulse may be very strong with quick and sharp beats followed by a sudden collapse of force,water-hammer pulse

Front 40

A heart murmur, caused by the turbulence of blood falling back through the dilated aortic valve, also may be heard with a client with

Back 40

aortic regurgitation

Front 41

What nursing interventions are involved when caring for a client after successful defibrillation

Back 41

Frequently monitor level of consciousness, ECG pattern, blood pressure, and pulse and respiratory rates

Front 42

What instructions should a nurse provide to clients with permanent pacemakers

Back 42

Palpate the pulse and count the rate for a full minute daily

Front 43

The nurse is caring for a client with tachycardia. The client is at risk for decreased cardiac output

Back 43

Avoid activities that involve the Valsalva's maneuver, such as straining with bowel elimination or using the arms to pull to reposition oneself.

Front 44

What points should a nurse include in the teaching plan for a client with heart failure

Back 44

Check weight at the same time each day using the same scale. Consult a physician if weight gained is more than 2 lb in 24 hours

Front 45

signs and symptoms of impending CHF

Back 45

(weight gain, ankle swelling, fatigue, dyspnea)

Front 46

What dysrhythmias are common in older adults

Back 46

heart failure
sinus bradycardia

Front 47

What intervention should the nurse perform when a client with valvular disease has a HR of less than 60

Back 47

hold the drug and call MD

Front 48

What nursing intervention is performed before a elective cardioversion

Back 48

restrict food or oral intake

Front 49

Dietary recommendation for mitral prolaspe to compensate for hypovolemia

Back 49

liberal intake of fluid
adqeuate sodium intake

Front 50

Crackles heard in the base of the lungs indicates _______

Back 50

pulmonary congestion

Front 51

A client with mitral regurgitation develops pulmonary congestion what symptoms are present

Back 51

SOB
Moist lungs sounds

Front 52

Crackles heard in the base of the lungs indicates _______

Back 52

pulmonary congestion

Front 53

The nurse understands that the risk for pulmonary embolism is greatest for the client with:

Back 53

DVT's

Front 54

Posteral hypotension and tachycardia are assessment findings indicative of

Back 54

fluid volume deficit

Front 55

A pt. with CHF has edema,dyspnea and resting in a Semi-fowlers position, Each shift the nurse should

Back 55

check whether supplemental oxygen is needed

Front 56

What assessment technique is appropriate for the client with dependent edema:

Back 56

press on the ankle to assess for pitting edema

Front 57

The client's apical rate is regular at 48 beats per minute, which cardiac dysarrhythmia is this

Back 57

sinus bradycardia

Front 58

What is the major difference between angina pectoris and myocardial infarcation;angina pectoris is:

Back 58

is due to brief myocardial ischemia

Front 59

Following an MI, the client is to ambulate which problems would terminate walking the client:

Back 59

extreme fatique and dyspnea

Front 60

What is the primary cause of CHF:

Back 60

Pulmonary edema

Front 61

A client has thrombophelbitis and is given heparin injections, what nurse measure should be implemented during administration of heparin:

Back 61

rotate injection sites

Front 62

what information should be taught to a pt being discharged from thrombophelbitis of the leg:

Back 62

minimize walking to prevent trauma to the peripheral blood vessels

Front 63

A client diagnosed with cardiac dysrhythmias is prescribed digoxin what side effects are evident of digoxin toxicity:

Back 63

nausea and yellow halos around lights

Front 64

Which dietary restriction should reduce cholestrol in a client:

Back 64

restrict butter and bacon or saturated fats

Front 65

An client is recovering from a MI take aspirin daily what indicates aspirin toxicity:

Back 65

blood in the stools
ringing in the ears
bleeding gums
hematuria

Front 66

A client is diagnosed with CHF and takes Lasix and has a potassium level of 3.2 what symptoms would the client be exhibiting:

Back 66

muscle weakness
heart palpatations

Front 67

What eysrhythmia occurs frequently during the early postimplantation period of an internal pacemaker

Back 67

premature ventricular contractions

Front 68

A client with dysrhythmias ahs decreased cardiac output. What nursing interventions is essential to maintain adequate cardiac output:

Back 68

Provide supplemental oxygen

Front 69

What adverse effects should the a nurse check for when administratining lidocaine

Back 69

convulsions
cardiac arrest

Front 70

A nurse is required to monitor a client with dysrhythmia during the administration of isoproterenol. What nursing intervention will help to determin the drug response:

Back 70

Monitor pulse

Front 71

_____ is used at a moment's notice to treat a life-threatening dysrhythmia and to restore norm sinus rhythm:

Back 71

defibrillation

Front 72

Which of the following determine th possibility of the client having CAD

Back 72

palpitation
chest pain

Front 73

whay should a nurse assess a client's mental status after a transmyocardial revascularization procedure:

Back 73

cerebral emboli may occur

Front 74

What is the correct manner of estimating a cardiac risk

Back 74

divide total serum cholesterol level by the HDL level; result greater than 5 suggest a potentail for CAD

Front 75

C/O swollen and heavy legs. The client also informs the nurse that activity or elevation of the legs relieves the pain. What condition will the nurse suspect

Back 75

varicose veins

Front 76

What is the early indication of mitral valve stenosis:

Back 76

change in heart sounds

Front 77

Adverse symptoms of quinidine are

Back 77

tinnitus
H/A
nausea

Front 78

activity intolerance r/t valvualr disorder of the heart should include outcomes such as

Back 78

provide time for self care
intersperse periods of activity with rest

Front 79

What symptom is the first sign of aortic regurgitation

Back 79

tachycardia

Front 80

What is the result of CNS maifestations

Back 80

chorea

Front 81

What may be the first abnormal sign detected in a client with cardiocyopathy

Back 81

heart murmur

Front 82

What blood vessels are commonly affected by thrombophelbitis

Back 82

deep vein in the lower extremities

Front 83

What is the diagnostic sign of percarditis

Back 83

pericardial friction rub