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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sternocephalicus muscle
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Both sides of body
Origin - manubrium (sternum) Insertion - upper edge of the back end of the skull. Bottom of the skull behind the mastoid process Action and function - Muscles together move head up and down in a nod. One at a time move head to one side. |
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Rhomboideus muscle
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Thick muscle that has four sides and a very pointy front end.
Has two parts (neck and Chest) but is one muscle Origin - V2, T6 and back of the skull. Insertion - upper edge of the shoulderblade Action - pulls top of shoulder up forwards and towards the body. When shoulder is still it can lift the neck. |
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Omotransversarius muscle
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Thick full muscle that begins in the neck.
Origin - lower end and side of V1 Insertion - Bottom of scapulars spine and deltoids surface. Action - when limb is fixed and still pulls neck to the side. When neck is fixed and still pulls limb forward. |
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Rhomboideus muscle
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Thick muscle that has four sides and a very pointy front end.
Has two parts (neck and Chest) but is one muscle Origin - V2, T6 and back of the skull. Insertion - upper edge of the shoulderblade Action - pulls top of shoulder up forwards and towards the body. When shoulder is still it can lift the neck. |
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Brachiocephalicus muscle
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Has one insertion but hen splits into two thereafter.
Origin - Cleidocerphalicus - middle of the back of the front half of the neck Cleidomastoid - Bottom of the skull behind the ear hole. Instertion - Verticaly on the front of the humerus and its lower half. Action - Pulls head forwards and neck and head down and to one side. |
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Supraspinatus muscle
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Creates the form of the front shoulder
Origin - Top outer part of scapula Insertion - with a thick tendon on greater tubericle of humerus Action - Extends and stabilises shoulder joint |
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Infraspinatus muscle
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Contributes to the shoulders Form and shape.
Origin - outer top part of the scapula (infraspinous fossa). Insertion - Into the outer side of the greater tubericle of the humerus. Action - extend or flex shoulder joint, abduct shoulder, rotate arm laterally and stabilize the shoulder joint. |
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Deltoid muscle
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This muscle is a superficial muscle that has two portions. The front portion which is
wider and arises from the scapulars spine and the acromial portion which is smaller and tapers at both ends. Origin - Acromial - acromion at the bottom end of the scapulars spine. Spinal – scapulars spine Insertion - On the outside of the humerus a third of the way down. Action - Makes shoulder joint flex and pulls the foreleg away from the dog’s body |
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Biceps Brachii
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This is a slender muscle with only one head.
Origin - The bottom part of the muscle splits into two tendons. These tendons insert next to each other on the inside of the radius and the ulna just underneath the elbow joint. Insertion - On the bony piece on the front of the lower end of the scapula Action - Flexes elbow joint and extends shoulder joint |
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Triceps Brachii muscle
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This muscle is a big fleshy superficial muscle that has three heads, two long
heads and one lateral head. Origin - Long head – on the rear edge of the scapula from the lower part until two thirds up. Lateral Head – on the humerus’s curved ridge on upper and outer surface. Insetion - At the humerus on the top and side of the olecranon (elbows point) Action - Long Head – Flexes the shoulder joint and extends the elbow joint Lateral Head – only extends the elbow joint |
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Latissimus Dorsi muscle
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A superficial muscle. It is a large thin muscle that is
triangular in shape. Origin - On the Top of the spines muscles starting at the top of the shoulder to the tips of the lumbar vertebrae as well as from the last two or three ribs. Insertion - On the nearest middle part of the humerus. Action - pulls leg backwards |
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Pectoralis Descendens muscle
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Origin - On the sternums front end
Insertion - In the middle of the front of the humerus, it inserts on the short vertical line. Action - Advances forelimb and pulls the forelimb to the center of the body |
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Pectoralis Transversus Muscle
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Is a flat and rectangular shaped muscle.
Origin - It starts at the front portion of the sternum and goes down to the level where the fourth rib is. Insertion - It inserts in a line that runs down most of the front of the humerus. Action - Pulls forelimb towards the middle line of the body |
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Pectoralis Profundus
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Origin - On the majority of the sternum (not the front tip) and from the surface of the front part of the abdomen where the xiphoid process is.
Insertion - On the top inside surface of the humerus, and vertically from the upper third till the upper half of the front of the humerus. Action - adducts foreleg and moves it backwards with movement |
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Trapezius Muscle
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triangular shaped superficial muscle. It is divided into two smaller triangular shaped muscles by a by a thin tendinous area
Origin - On the Middle of the bottom section of the back of the neck and the front section of the thorax starting at the third neck vertebra and ending at the ninth thoracic vertebra. Insertion - Neck - top three fourths of the scapulars spine Thoracic – top one third of the scapulars spine Action - Draws scapula up, backward and forward and lifts neck |
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Serratus Ventralis Muscle
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A deep layer muscle that is divided into two portions The Neck portion and the Chest portion.
Origin - Neck - On the sides of third or the fourth vertebrae down to the seventh vertebrae. Chest – On the sides of the lower parts of the first eight or nine ribs of the dog. Insertion - Deep surface of the top half of the scapula. Action - Pulls the top of the shoulder blade forwards, lifts and bends (neck) Pulls shoulder blade back and down and rotates the blade (chest) |
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Sternocephalicus
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2 parts of Brachiocephalicus m.?
What animal has these 2 parts? |
cleidobrachialis
cleidocephalicus * in ruminant |
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extends from the clavicular intersection to the humeral crest
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cleidobrachialis
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What are the two divisions of the sternocephalicus muscle?
Divided in which spp.? Undivided in which species? |
Sternomastoideus
Sternomandibularis Both found in the ox, goat, and carnivore Undivided in the sheep |
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number of carpal bones in humans and pigs
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8
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number of carpal bones in horses
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7-8
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number of carpal bones in carnivores
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7
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number of carpal bones in ruminants
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6
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