Campbell: Plant Diversity Ii: The Evolution Of Seed Plants

Front 1

Most bryophytes, such as mosses, differ from all other plants in that they _____

Back 1

lack vascular tissue

Front 2

The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules, and the ovules then develop into _____

Back 2

seeds

Front 3

A pea pod is formed from ____. A pea inside the pod is formed from ____.

Back 3

an ovary ... an ovule

Front 4

The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____.

Back 4

produces spores

Front 5

Name one way in which seeds have advantages over spores.

Back 5

seeds contain the young plants, an abundant food supply, and a protective covering

Front 6

Which evolutionary advance gave the gymnosperms an adaptive advantage at the time they were evolving?

Back 6

seed

Front 7

True or False: All seed plants are heterosporous

Back 7

True

Front 8

Both gymnosperms and angiosperms have _____.

Back 8

pollen, seeds, and ovules.

Front 9

True or False: Gymnosperms produce seeds that are totally exposed

Back 9

True

Front 10

An explorer found a plant that had roots, stems, and leaves. It had no flowers but produced seeds. This plant sounds like a _______

Back 10

gymnosperm

Front 11

How does fertilization occur in a confier?

Back 11

A pollen grain carried by wind carries a sperm that fertilizes the egg.

Front 12

True or False: The male gametophyte in pine is commonly known as the microspore

Back 12

False
(it's known as pollen)

Front 13

True or False: Conifers usually bear both male and female cones on the same tree

Back 13

True

Front 14

True or False:
Pollen is diploid and contains spores.

Back 14

False
(haploid...sperm nuclei)

Front 15

True or False:
All gametophytes are single celled

Back 15

False
(All gametophytes are haploid)

Front 16

The defining reproductive adaptation of angiosperms is the __________.

Back 16

flower

Front 17

The portion of the flower that receives the pollen is the _____.

Back 17

stigma

Front 18

In the process of pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the _____ to the _____.

Back 18

anther...stigma

Front 19

What are the male floral parts?

Back 19

stamens: anthers and filaments

Front 20

The "male" structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.

Back 20

anthers ... pollen

Front 21

The "female" structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.

Back 21

carpels ... ovules

Front 22

True or False:
A fruit is a mature ovary

Back 22

True

Front 23

After fertilization, the _____ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit.

Back 23

ovule ... ovary

Front 24

Aggregate fruit is formed from __________; simple fruit is formed from _______; and multiple fruit is formed from ________.

Back 24

single flower with several separate ovaries ... a single ovary ... the fusion of ovaries of separate flowers

Front 25

What is the function of fruits?

Back 25

to protect and disperse the seeds

Front 26

What do the "mono-" and "-di-" refer to in "monocots" and "dicots"?

Back 26

the number of "seed leaves"

Front 27

In a flowering plant, meiosis occurs within the _____, producing a spore that develops into a female gametophyte.

Back 27

ovule

Front 28

If a leaf cell in a potato plant contains 48 chromosomes, a sperm cell in a pollen grain would contain how many chromosomes?

Back 28

24

Front 29

True or False: A megasporocyte is diploid.

Back 29

True

Front 30

The pollen tube releases two sperm cells into the embryo sac. The result of this is the _____.

Back 30

union of one sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus while the other sperm nucleus unites with the nuclei of the center cell, forming a triploid nucleus

Front 31

The triploid nucleus of the embryo sac develops into the _____.

Back 31

endosperm

Front 32

What is endosperm?

Back 32

stored food in a seed

Front 33

Unlike gymnosperms, angiosperms have _____.

Back 33

endosperm

Front 34

Give an example of coevolution

Back 34

Some plants have evolved to attract specific animals. The animal receives a meal and the plant is assured that its pollen will not be wasted on plants of different species. Through time, the plant gets better at attracting that animal and the animal gets more specialized for feeding on that plant.

Front 35

True or False:
At current rates of deforestation, tropical rain forests will be eliminated in 15 years.

Back 35

False (25 years)

Front 36

You find a wildflower that has large, brilliantly colored petals, but it has no odor. What can you deduce about its pollinators?

Back 36

Its pollinators locate flowers by visual cues rather than by smell.

Front 37

Most of the seeds used for human consumption come from __________.

Back 37

angiosperms

Front 38

What is the function of double fertilization (according to a hypothesis)?

Back 38

It synchronizes the development of food storage in the seed with development of the embryo. It is an adaptation that prevents flowering plants from squandering nutrients on infertile ovules.

Front 39

Which compound is used as a pupil dilator in eye exams? What source is it derived from?

Back 39

Atropine; Belladonna plant

Front 40

Which compound is used in heart medication? What source is it derived from?

Back 40

Digitalin; Foxglove

Front 41

Which compound is used as a an ingerdient in cough medicines? What source is it derived from?

Back 41

Menthol; Eucalyptus tree

Front 42

Which compound is used as a pain reliever? What source is it derived from?

Back 42

Morphine; Opium Poppy

Front 43

Which compound is used as a malaria preventive? What source is it derived from?

Back 43

Quinine; Quinine tree

Front 44

Which compound is used as an ovarian cancer drug? What source is it derived from?

Back 44

Taxol; Pacific yew

Front 45

Which compound is used as a muscle relaxant during surgery? What source is it derived from?

Back 45

Tubocuranine; Curare tree

Front 46

Which compound is used as a Leukemia drug? What source is it derived from?

Back 46

Vinblastine; Periwinkle

Front 47

Name some representatives of major angiosperm clades.

Back 47

Amborella, water lily, star anise, orchid, california poppy

Front 48

Name some representatives of phylum confierophyta

Back 48

douglas fir, sequoia, cypress, pacific yew, common juniper, loblolly pine, wollemia pine

Front 49

Describe the sporophyte/gametophyte relationship in bryophytes

Back 49

Gametophyte life cycle is dominant; the dependent sporophyte is nourished by the gametophyte as it grows out of the archegonium

Front 50

Describe the sporophyte/gametophyte relationship in ferns

Back 50

the sporophyte is the dominant generation; gametophytes are small, photosynthetic, and free-living.

Front 51

Describe the sporophyte/gametophyte seed plants

Back 51

gametophytes are surrounded by tissues of sporophyte, from which the gametophyte derives nutrition. Gametophyte develops within the confines of a spore

Front 52

Where is plant diversity the greatest?

Back 52

tropical forests

Front 53

Where would you find a megasporangium in an angiosperm?

Back 53

within an ovule contained within an ovary of a flower

Front 54

Evidence that Amobrella may represent the only survivor of the odlest branch of the angiosperm lineage comes from

Back 54

the lack of vessels in its xylem tissue

Front 55

True or False: Ovaries are common to both angiosperms and gymnosperms

Back 55

false

Front 56

What do mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms have in common?

Back 56

embryos

Front 57

What do ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms have in common?

Back 57

vascular tissue