Business Management Chapter 2

Front 1

______: starting in the 1860 began to shift from an almost totally farming based society to an industrialized society

Back 1

Industrial Revolution

Front 2

____________: passed to check corporate practices " in restraint of trade."

Back 2

1890 Sherman Antitrust Act

Front 3

________: Philosophy of Frederick W. Taylor that sought to increase productivity and make the work easier by scientifically studying work methods and establishing standards

Back 3

Scientific Management

Front 4

Scientific Method's four principles

Back 4

1. Replace Old Methods
2. Selection and Teaching of Employees
3.Joining of Employees
4. Division of work resulting in interdependence between management and workers.

Front 5

________:known for his work in production control and his invention of the Gantt Chart ( depicts both expected and completed production)

Back 5

Henry Lawrence Gantt

Front 6

____________:area of interest was the study of motions and work methods

Back 6

Frank Gilbreth

Front 7

_______:lady of management spent over 50 years of her life emphasizing concern for the worker and showing how scientific management should foster rather than stifle employees

Back 7

Lillian Gilbreth

Front 8

______: a frenchman, was the first to issue a complete statement on a theory of general management. First to talk about CLOPS and named 14 principles

Back 8

Henri Fayol

Front 9

Just a look of the 14 principles named by who?
Division of work
Authority
Discipline
Unity of Direction
Subordination of individual interests to the general interest
Remuneration
Centralization
Scalar Chain
Order
Equity
Stability of tenured personnel
Initiative
Espirt de corps

Back 9

Henri Fayol

Front 10

Fayol first oulined________: summary of the key responsiblities of a manager- planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling

Back 10

Function of a Management

Front 11

When was Great Depression?

Back 11

1929-1932

Front 12

After Great Depression ______legislatures and courts actively supported organized labor and the worker.

Back 12

Golden Age of Unionism

Front 13

Studies began in 1925, published later 15 years.______: the positive behavior change demonstrated by employee when managers pay attention to them

Back 13

Hawthorne Effect

Front 14

____: under the systems approach to management the organization is influenced by its internal and external environmental factors.

Back 14

Open System

Front 15

_____: do not interact with their external environment

Back 15

Closed System

Front 16

Organizations are mostly _____system. However, companies think of just themselves like a ____

Back 16

Open
Closed

Front 17

_____: wrote The Human Side of Enterprise. American Social and psychologist proposed a simple division of management styles that captured what he argued was fundamentally different ways of managing people.

Back 17

Douglas McGregor

Front 18

______: ( termed by McGregor) the controlling/ authoritative manager believes that the most employees don't like to work and will only work at the required level of productivity if they are forced to do so under the threat of punishment

Back 18

Theory X

Front 19

______:(termed by McGregor) the democratic/participative manager believes that employees can be trusted to meet production targets without being threatened and that they will often seek additional responsibilities because they enjoy the satisification of being creative and increasing their own skills

Back 19

Theory Y

Front 20

Douglas McGregor termed_____*

Back 20

Soildering
aka loafing on the job

Front 21

_______: 1970's theory that different situations and conditions require different management approaches

Back 21

Contingency approach to management

Front 22

____: attempts to integrate the American and Japanese management practices by combining the American emphasis on individual responsibility with the Japanese emphasis on collective decision making, slow evaluation and promotion, and holistic concern for employees
-developed by William Ouchi

Back 22

Theory Z

Front 23

-1982 Thomas J. Peters and Robert H. Waterman Jr. released a book_______: it found 36 excellent companies

Back 23

in Search of Excellence

Front 24

Two lessons of in Search for Excellence

Back 24

1) The companies of today may not be the companies of tomorrow 2) good management requires much more than following one set of rules

Front 25

beginning in late 1970's all changed in the 1980's.
-a shift from finding to preventing
-Japanese products quality

Back 25

Emphasis on Quality

Front 26

______: a management philosophy that emphasized "managing the entire organization so that it excels in all dimensions of products and services that are important to the customer."

Back 26

TQM- total quality management

Front 27

_______: Jim Collins and Jerry Porras published a book in 1994 that took the business world by storm. Arguing the need to focus on creating a lasting organization by relying on "homegrown management."

Back 27

Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies

Front 28

______: (issian berlin) The fox knows many things by the hedgehog knows one. In other words, great companies develop a simple core concept that guides all their future strategies, as opposed to chasing every new management fad or policy implementation

Back 28

Hedgehog Concept