Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
BURGUNDY
climate |
- generally continental & temperate climates
- summers generally cooler than Bordeaux and much cooler than California - best vineyards in sunniest spots - lots of summer rain brings risk of rot |
|
|
BURGUNDY
soil |
limestone
|
|
|
BURGUNDY
white grapes |
*chardonnay
aligoté pinot blanc pinot gris melon de bourgogne sauv. blanc |
|
|
Burgundy aligoté
|
used as part of blend to make sparkling Crémant de Bourgogne, as well as for regional wines
|
|
|
Burgundy red grapes
|
*pinot noir
gamay césar |
|
|
monopoles
|
vineyards (particularly in Burgundy) that have only one owner
* Grand Cru monopoles <i>must</i> hand-harvest |
|
|
négociant
|
brokers (ex: Louis Jadot)
TRADITIONALLY: bought dozens or hundreds of small lots of wine from numerous growers, then blended these lots into several wines, bottled/sold under their own label TODAY: many/most négociant houses own their own vineyards |
|
|
Burgundy appellation categories
|
- regional
- village - Premier Cru vineyard - Grand Cru vineyard |
|
|
Burgundy generic regional appellations
|
- BOURGOGNE: sometimes followed by subregion on label. red and white wines
- CÔTE DE BEAUNE: reds - CÔTES DE BEAUNES-VILLAGES: reds - CÔTES DE NUITS-VILLAGES: almost all reds - MÂCON: mostly whites - MÂCON-VILLAGES: mostly whites - CRÉMANT DE BOURGOGNE: sparkling whites/rosés |
|
|
Burgundy subregions
|
Chablis
Côte d'Or (Côte de Nuits/Côte de Beaune) Côte Chalonnaise Maconnais |
|
|
Burgundy subregions that house grand cru vineyards
|
Chablis
Cote d'Or *no grand cru sites in Cote Chalonnaise or Maconnais |
|
|
CHABLIS
location, grapes, soil, landscape |
- LOCATION: northernmost wine region of Burgundy
- GRAPES: chardonnay - SOIL: kimmeridgian, chalk - LANDSCAPE: all grand cru sites (and premier crus of Montee de Tonnerre, and Fourchaume) located on single hillside w/ southwest-facing slopes. all other premier crus on southeast-facing slopes |
|
|
Petit Chablis
|
-lowest quality level of Chablis wine (after Grand Cru, Premier Cru, AOC)
- vineyards located in outlying areas surrounding hillsides that are home to GC and PC sites |
|
|
Best Chablis premier crus
|
- Fourchaume
- Mont de Milieu - Montmains - Montée de Tonnerre - Vaillons |
|
|
Chablis Grand Crus
|
- Blanchot
- Bougros - Grenouilles - Les Clos - Les Preuses - Valmur - Vaudésir |
|
|
Côte d'Or
|
- collective name for Côte de Nuits and Côte de Beaune
- 30mi long limestone escarpment (ridge) - villages on eastern side of slope |
|
|
Côte d'Or red wine tasting notes
|
earthy, gamy, exotic spices, licorice, chocolate, truffles
|
|
|
Côte d'Or white wine tasting notes
|
honey, toasted nuts, truffles, vanilla
|
|
|
Côte d'Or
landscape and soil |
LANDSCAPE:
- côte = slope - where a vineyard is located on slope = rank - village wines generally come from vineyards on bottom of slope or on flatlands below SOIL: - bottom of slope/flatlands = heavier soil, least well-drained, clay - middle/top slope = thinner soil, better drained, limestone - very top of ridge = woodlands protect vines below from wet winds |
|
|
Côte de Nuits
location, grapes, generic appellations |
- LOCATION: northern half of Côte d'Or escarpment
- GRAPES: pinot noir only GENERIC APPELLATIONS: - Côte de Nuits-Villages: wines from relatively unknown villages - Hautes-Côtes de Nuits: higher up on slopes, cooler climate, leaner wines |
|
|
Côte de Nuits appellations
|
- Marsannay
- Fixin - Gevrey-Chambertin - Morey-St-Denis - Chambolle-Musigny - Vougeot - Flagey-Eschézeaux - Vosne-Romanée - Nuits-St-Georges |
|
|
Cote de Nuits communes that house grand cru vineyards
|
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-St-Denis Chambolle-Musigny Flagey-Echezeaux Vougeot Vosne-Romanee |
|
|
MARSANNAY
wine styles |
- reds, whites, rosés
- most famous for rosés |
|
|
FIXIN
wines, climate, soil |
- WINES: reds and some whites
- makers more often sell wines under generic appellation Côte de Nuits-Villages - CLIMATE: cool - SOIL: clay |
|
|
GEVREY-CHAMBERTIN
landscape, grapes, grand crus |
- LANDSCAPE: simple village appellation wines come from flat land or from base of the hills
- premier/grand crus come from slopes w/ best sun exposure/drainage - GRAPES: pinot noir only GRAND CRU SITES - Chambertin - Charmes-Chambertin - Griotte-Chambertin - Mazis-Chambertin - Ruchottes-Chambertin - Chambertin Clos de Béze - Chapelle-Chambertin - Latricières-Chambertin - Mazoyéres-Chambertin |
|
|
MOREY-ST-DENIS
grapes, wines, Grand Cru sites |
- WHITE GRAPES: chardonnay blended w/ white mutation of pinot noir grape
- RED GRAPES: pinot noir - WINES: red wines from grand cru vineyards only Grand Crus *all reds - Clos de Lambrays - Clos de Tart - Clos St-Denis - Clos de la Roche - small part of Bonnes Mares |
|
|
CHAMBOLLE-MUSIGNY
soil, wines, Grand Cru sites |
- SOIL: limestone
- WINES: whites and reds Grand Cru Sites - most of Bonnes Mares (all red) - Le Musigny (mostly red, a little white) |
|
|
VOUGEOT
Grand Cru sites |
dominated by walled Grand Cru vineyard of Clos de Vougeot
|
|
|
FLAGEY-ECHÉZEAUX
wines, Grand Cru sites |
- WINES: no village-level wines, since they're sold under the name of the neighboring village, Vosne-Romanée
Grand Crus *all reds - Grands Echézeaux - Echézeaux |
|
|
VOSNE-ROMANÉE
grapes, Grand Cru sites |
- GRAPES: strictly pinot noir
Grand Crus - Richebourg - La Romanée - Romanée-Conti - Romanée-St-Vivant - La Grande Rue - La Tâche |
|
|
NUITS-ST-GEORGES
soil |
SOIL:
- in northern area: richer, less minerally soils - in southern area: soils have higher mineral content |
|
|
CÔTE DE BEAUNE
location, grapes, generic appellations |
- LOCATION: southern half of Côte d'Or escarpment
- GRAPES: chardonnay, pinot noir - GENERIC APPELLATIONS: Côte de Beaune, Côte de Beaune-Villages |
|
|
difference between generic appellations Côte de Beaune and Côte de Beaune-Villages
|
- CÔTE DE BEAUNE: can only apply to a small section of vineyards close to town of Beaune, and to whites/reds
- CÔTE DE BEAUNE-VILLAGES: red wines only, can be used by all villages within Côte de Beaune |
|
|
Côte de Beaune communes
|
- Ladoix
- Pernand-Vergelesses - Aloxe-Corton - Savigny-lés-Beaune - Chorey-lés-Beaune - Beaune - Pommard - Volnay - St-Romain - Monthélie - Auxey-Duresses - Meursault - St-Aubin - Puligny-Montrachet - Chassagne-Montrachet - Santenay |
|
|
Cote de Beaune communes that house grand cru vineyards
|
Pernand-Vergelasses
Aloxe-Corton Puligny-Montrachet Chassagne-Montrachet |
|
|
LADOIX
wines, labeling, Grand Cru sites |
- WINES: mostly reds
- LABELING: non Grand Cru vineyards typically label their wines under Côte de Beaune-Villages appellation Grand Cru sites: - Corton-Charlemagne - Corton |
|
|
PERNAND-VERGELASSES
soil, grapes, Grand Cru sites |
- SOIL: high chalk in white vineyards, iron-rich clay in red vineyards
- GRAPES: chardonnay, aligoté, pinot noir Grand Cru sites: - Corton-Charlemagne - Corton |
|
|
ALOXE-CORTON
wines, grapes, landscape, and its Grand Cru sites |
- WINES: primarily red
- WHITE GRAPES: chardonnay, pinot gris, pinot blanc - RED GRAPES: pinot noir - LANDSCAPE: village level and premier cru wines all come from lower elevations Grand Crus: - Corton (only Côte de Beaune red grand cru) - Corton-Charlemagne - Corton Blanc |
|
|
SAVIGNY-LÉS-BEAUNE
wines, landscape |
- WINES: 90% of wines are red
- LANDSCAPE: village-level wines from lower, flatter lands - LANDSCAPE: premier crus located on slopes |
|
|
CHORES-LES-BEAUNE
landscape |
- LANDSCAPE: generally flat land away from slopes
|
|
|
BEAUNE
location, wines |
- LOCATION: largest town in Côte de Beaune
- WINES: reds and whites |
|
|
POMMARD
wines, soil |
- WINES: only red wine carries the Pommard name
- SOIL: deep red, iron rich |
|
|
VOLNAY
wines |
- WINES: only red wines can carry Volnay name
|
|
|
MONTHÉLIE
wines, soil, landscape |
- WINES: almost all red wines (pinot noir)
- SOIL: limestone - LANDSCAPE: southern or southeastern exposure |
|
|
AUXEY-DURESSES
wines |
- WINES: red wines outnumber whites 2:1, even though whites are generally better
|
|
|
MEURSAULT
wines, soil |
- WINES: mostly white wines (chardonnay)
- SOIL: calcareous, iron-rich soil |
|
|
ST-ROMAIN
landscape, wines, soil, climate |
- LANDSCAPE: some of highest elevations in Côte d'Or
- WINES: reds and whites - SOIL: chalky - CLIMATE: cool |
|
|
BLAGNY
location, wines, labeling |
- LOCATION: between Meursault and Puligny-Montrachet
- WINES: reds and whites - LABELING: reds sold either as "Blagny" or, if approppriate, "Blagny premier cru" - whites sold as either "Meursault" or "Meursault-Blagny" |
|
|
PULIGNY-MONTRACHET
wines, grand cru sites |
- WINES: tiny % of reds, famous whites
Grand Cru Sites - Chevalier Montrachet - part of Montrachet - part of Bâtard-Montrachet |
|
|
ST-AUBIN
wines, landscape, soil |
- WINES: whites and reds (sparse)
- LANDSCAPE: high elevation in hills above and behind villages of Puligny and Chassagne - SOIL: high marl contents in soil, more limestone farther uphill |
|
|
CHASSAGNE-MONTRACHET
wines, soil, Grand Cru sites |
- WINES:more reds than whites
- SOIL: marly limestone better for pinot noir Grand Crus *all whites - Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet - part of Montrachet - part of Bâtard-Montrachet |
|
|
SANTENAY
wines, soil |
- WINES: almost all wine is red (pinot noir)
- SOIL: basic village-level wines from areas rich in marl; premier cru sites on slopes |
|
|
CÔTE CHALONNAISE
location, landscape, soil, grapes |
- LOCATION: just south of Côte d'Or
- LANDSCAPE: clumps of hils, not like one continuous slope like Côte d'Or. southeastern and southern exposure - SOIL: limestone w/ some clay and sand - RED GRAPES: pinot noir, gamay - WHITE GRAPES: chardonnay, aligoté - <u>generic appellation</u>: Bourgogne Côte Chalonnaise |
|
|
Côte Chalonnaise subappellations
|
Bouzeron
Givry Montagny Rully Mercurey |
|
|
BOUZERON
location, grapes |
- LOCATION: northernmost village of Côte Chalonnaise
- GRAPES: primarily aligoté |
|
|
GIVRY
wines |
better known for reds
|
|
|
MONTAGNY
location, grapes, labeling |
- LOCATION: southernmost village of Côte Chalonnaise
- GRAPES: chardonnay - LABELING: criterion for premier cru status is not the site but a slightly higher alcohol level than the basic village appellation |
|
|
RULLY
wine styles |
simple reds, better whites, Crémant de Bourgogne w/ méthode champenoise
|
|
|
MERCUREY
location, wines, soil |
- LOCATION: best known/largest village of Côte Chalonnaise
- WINES: red and white wines (reds more popular) - SOIL: substantial pockets of limestone and iron that favor pinot noir |
|
|
MÂCONNAIS
climate, location, landscape, grapes, soil |
- CLIMATE: warmer than Côte d'Or
- LOCATION: south of Côte Chalonnaise - LANDSCAPE: hilly - GRAPES: chardonnay, aligoté, pinot noir, gamay - best for white wines, but also makes simpler reds - SOIL: topsoil varies from marly clay and sand to granite; subsoil mostly limestone |
|
|
MÂCONNAIS
generic appellations |
- MÂCON: red or white
- MÂCON SUPÉRIEUR: red or white, one degree higher alcohol - MÂCON-VILLAGES: whites only. wines may be labeled as "Mâcon-Villages" or as "Mâcon" plus their village name (ex: Mâcon-Lugny) |
|
|
MÂCONNAIS
villages |
Pouilly-Fuissé
St-Véran |
|
|
POUILLY-FUISSÉ
wines |
- WINES: finest white chardonnay of Burgundy
- encompasses 5 villages |
|
|
ST-VÉRAN
grapes, soil |
- encompasses 7 villages
- GRAPES: chardonnay only - SOIL: chalk |
|
|
CRÉMANT DE BOURGOGNE
areas of production, production process, grapes |
- AREAS: Côte Chalonnaise, Mâconnais (and sparkling rosé)
- PROCESS: méthode champenoise - GRAPES: chardonnay, pinot noir, aligoté, pinot blanc |
