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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Annuals, describe give three examples
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Seed to flower to seed within one growing season
Examples: weeds, wildflowers, vegetables |
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Biennials
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Seed to flower to seed within two growing seasons
1st season = Vegetative growth: -root, short stem, basal rosette of leaves 2nd season = Reproductive growth: -flowers, fruits, seeds Examples: Mullein |
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Perennials name all three types, describe them. When do they reproduce?
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Vegetative structures live year after year Herbs = Dormant underground structures when
weather unfavorable Woody = Stop growing when unfavorable Reproduce when fully mature 1 to 24 to 50+ years! |
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Periderm Tissue
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Periderm Tissue
• Cork = dead cells at maturity with suberin • Phelloderm = living parenchyma cells • Cork Cambium = meristem • Lenticels • Replaces the epidermis - peels away • Covers wounds |
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2o Xlyem & 2o Phloem
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Vascular Cambium
Arises from procambium |
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Hard wood vs. softwood
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Hardwood – All angiosperm wood
Softwood - Conifers Lack vessel elements in xylem Not necessarily density difference Different from Heartwood & Sapwood |
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What are growth rings made of
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growth rings=Secondary Xylem
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What determines the width of a tree ring?
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Adequate moisture and a long growing season result in a wide ring. A drought year may result in a very narrow one
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Tall plants that are not true woody??
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*Palm Trees and tree ferns*
-All only have primary meristems -Their “bark” is thicken epidermis & overlapping leaf bases that are left after leaves drop |
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Greek Name For WIllow Treee
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Salix spp. – Salicaceae
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Type of willow most often used
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Salix alba - White willow
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What is the active ingredient found in WIllow bark?
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Glycoside Salicin
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What are the bad side affects of Glycoside Salicin?
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Nausea
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who first manufactured aspirin?
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Bayer Co.
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Glycoside Salicin medical rxn's in human's
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Medically in Humans Increases peripheral blood flow and sweating Depressant action on central nervous system Inhibits platelet accumulation
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Willow bark defense in plants
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Salicylic acid turns on systemic response
Causes production of resistance proteins Warns neighboring plants Converted to methyl salicylate and evaporated |
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Chinese Happy Tree..What's it all about?
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Camptotheca acuminata - Nyssaceae AKA : Chinese Happy Tree
-Native to China/Tibet |
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Alkaloid found in Chinese Happy Tree
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Alkaloid Camptothecin
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Camptothecins: what are the Alkaloid Camptothecin beneficial affects..what exactly do they do?
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anti-cancer properties
-1985 - Found as topoisomerase I inhibiter Inhibition halts DNA replication -Leads to cell death 1996 - Two derivatives have been approved by FDA Topotecan = Advanced ovarian cancer Irinotecan = Colon cancers |
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Stradivarius violins why so great?
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Built using wood from coldest period of little iced age...tree rings more dense
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Function of secondary tissue growth
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Lateral Growth
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Two secondary tissues:
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secondary dermal tissue
secondary vascular tissue |
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What are the bad side affects of Glycoside Salicin?
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Nausea
|
|
who first manufactured aspirin?
|
Bayer Co.
|
|
Glycoside Salicin medical rxn's in human's
|
Medically in Humans Increases peripheral blood flow and sweating Depressant action on central nervous system Inhibits platelet accumulation
|
|
Willow bark defense in plants
|
Salicylic acid turns on systemic response
Causes production of resistance proteins Warns neighboring plants Converted to methyl salicylate and evaporated |
|
Chinese Happy Tree..What's it all about?
|
Camptotheca acuminata - Nyssaceae AKA : Chinese Happy Tree
-Native to China/Tibet |
|
Alkaloid found in Chinese Happy Tree
|
Alkaloid Camptothecin
|
|
Camptothecins: what are the Alkaloid Camptothecin beneficial affects..what exactly do they do?
|
anti-cancer properties
-1985 - Found as topoisomerase I inhibiter Inhibition halts DNA replication -Leads to cell death 1996 - Two derivatives have been approved by FDA Topotecan = Advanced ovarian cancer Irinotecan = Colon cancers |
|
Stradivarius violins why so great?
|
Built using wood from coldest period of little iced age...tree rings more dense
|
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Function of secondary tissue growth
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Lateral Growth
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Two secondary tissues:
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secondary dermal tissue
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Secondary dermal tissue:
-cell types? -what is the secondary meristem? what does it do? |
cell types: cork and phelloderm
Secondary meristem: Cork Cambium Pushes Epidermis Outward |
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Secondary Vascular Tissue
-tissue/cells -secondary meristem |
secondary xylem and phloem
-xylem tissue -vessel elements -phloem tissue -sieve tube elements -companion cells -Secondary meristem -vascular cambium |
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Which direction does secondary phloem move towards?
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outside o
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2° Phloem moves towards\
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outside
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What separates wood and bark?
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Vascular cambium
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Bark...what composes it?
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-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed) -periderm tissue |
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wood...
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• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem • Crushed 1o Xylem • Remaining pith |
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what is preferred for woodworking
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Heart wood!
-less susceptable to fungus and doesn't contain nearly as much moisture as sapwood, which means it will shrink less when dried |
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Which direction does secondary xylem move towards?
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inside o
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2° Phloem moves towards\
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outside
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What separates wood and bark?
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Vascular cambium
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Bark...what composes it?
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-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed) -periderm tissue |
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wood...
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• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem • Crushed 1o Xylem • Remaining pith |
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what is preferred for woodworking
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Heart wood!
-less susceptable to fungus and doesn't contain nearly as much moisture as sapwood, which means it will shrink less when dried |
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Which direction does secondary phloem move towards?
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outside
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2° Phloem moves towards\
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outside
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What separates wood and bark?
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Vascular cambium
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Bark...what composes it?
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-external to vascular cambium
-2ndary phloem (Some crushed) -periderm tissue |
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wood...
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• Internal to Vascular Cambium
• 2o Xylem • Crushed 1o Xylem • Remaining pith |
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Diagram secondary dermal tissue
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Did ya id em all?
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