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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The term for different substances having differing abilities to conduct or transmit heat
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thermal conductivity
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creates a current as the warm air rises and cool air falls
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convection
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the ability of a substance to conduct heat
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thermal conductivity
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the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves
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radiation
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the displacement of cool air by warm air
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convection
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a complex physiological process in which the body maintains a temperature that is optimal for survival
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thermoregulation
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the transfer of heat from one substance to another by the natural movement of molecules, which sets other molecules in motion
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conduction
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what are the four states of matter
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liquid, solid, gas, plasma
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what is the difference between direct and alternating current
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direct flows in one direction from one charged pole to the other.
in alternating, the direction of the flow change back and forth within the circut |
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a pure substance composed of atoms, each with the same number of protons
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element
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a positively charged subatomic particle that is part of the nucleus of an atom
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proton
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one of the three states of properties of a substance in which the temperature reached the melting point
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liquid
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a state of matter in which the molecules are bonded very tightly
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solid
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a discrete unit made of matter consisting of charged particles
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atom
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a charged particle created when an atom loses or gains an electron
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ion
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an atom of specific element with the correct number of electrons and protons but a different number of neutrons
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isotope
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a specific substance made up of elements that are bonded together
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molecule
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a subatomic particle located in the nucleus of the atom
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neutron
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a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom
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electron
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a concave lens bends light rays toward the center
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false
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the "nonhuman" aspects of surgical technology draw most heavily from the field of mechanics
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true
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the nucleus or center of the atom has two main particles, the neutron and the proton
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true
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regardless of the number of electrons or neutrons an atom has, the atomic number of the element remains the same
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true
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the periodic table lists all known elements according to their mass and electronic behavior
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true
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velocity is the speed of a moving object measured as distance over time
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true
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an example of a wave is a disturbance in the flow of the air
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true
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if waves are not exactly the same, but rather vary in size and shape, they are said to be coherent
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false
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Nearly all biomedical devices require electricity as their power source
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true
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electricity is formed when electrons move from atom to atom
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true
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free electrons flow through conductive material in a continuous path, each electron "pushing" the one ahead of it.
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circuit
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the natural attractive force of masses in the universe defines _____
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gravitational energy
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which of the following is the smallest?
electron, proton, neutron, atomic nucleus |
electron
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the atomic number of an element corresponds to the element's _____
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number of protons
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organic compounds all have molecules that contain the element ________
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carbon
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"mass x velocity" is the equation for
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momentum
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the distance around a circle is called the ___
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circumference
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potential energy is also referred to as
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stored energy
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the ______ protects the circuit from a "short" or fault in the system.
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ground wire
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when light rays encounter some surfaces, they can reverse direction; this is called ______
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reflection
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combined weight of an atom's protons and neutrons
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atomic weight
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particles that are smaller than atoms physical components of an atom, neutron, proton, electron
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subatomic particles
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mathematical relationship between the weight and velocity of a mass
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momentum
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power or force generated by various types of natural occurrences
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energy
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in an atom, the negatively-charged particles are called _____
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electrons
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which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
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neutron and proton
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which one is not a conductor of electrical energy.
water, copper, carbon, or rubber |
rubber
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the measurement of the amount of current flowing past a given point in a circuit in one second is called ______
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amps or ampules
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which type of electrical energy is measured in Hertz?
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frequency
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What are the properties of a wave?
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the crest, the highest point; the trough, the lowest point
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How is ultrasound used in diagnostic imaging?
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sound waves with a frequency higher than those perceived by the human ear are transmitted through a medium and the return signal is transduced into a visual image
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The relative ability of a substance to transmit free electrons or electricity is _____
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conductivity
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why do electrons follow a conductive path?
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allows free electrons to move with out a problem
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what is insulation
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prevents electricity from seeking an alternate path
acts a barrier provides a path for electrical current |
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Caused by natural vibrations of molecules that make up a substance
example-saline irrigation solution is placed in a fluid warmer |
Conduction
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what is the difference between bipolar and monopolar electrosurgery?
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monopolar uses a grounding pad.
bipolar has two prongs, eliminating the need to use a grounding pad |
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Competence in surgical technology requires both the __________________ and ___________________.
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Human element
technical expertise |
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_________ is the study of motion and objects
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mechanics
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matter can exist in what three forms?
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liquid, solid, gas
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what is the most common form of energy used in medical devices?
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electrical
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this is a result of energy and work
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motion
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heat transfer by the natural movement of heated air or water over a cooler surface.
example-radiator generates heat to the cool areas of a room |
convection
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heat given off from its source as electromagnetic energy
example-baby warmers |
radiation
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a substance with low or no conductivity is called an _______
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insulator
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what are the components of a DC circuit?
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source or electricity (battery), conductor (wire), load (bulb)
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an electrical circuit that flows in one direction from one charged pole to another is referred to as _________
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direct current
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the direction of the flow that changes back and forth within the circuit is called?
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alternating current
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energy is never lost or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another.
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True
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the nucleus of the atom contains two main particles: neutron and proton
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true
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this is a discrete unit made of matter consisting of charged particles
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atom
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what is a crest?
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positive or highest point on a wave
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the negative or lowest point on a wave is called ______
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the trough
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a lens that is thinner at the middle than around the edges and causes the light to diverge or spread.
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concave lens
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this is the exact location where light rays converge after passing through a convex lens
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focal point
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when heat transfer from one substance to another by the natural movement of molecules that sets other molecules in motion, we call this ___________
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conduction
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what is a ground wire?
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it protects the circuit from a "short" or fault in the system, such as when the active and neutral wires come into direct contact
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